單平陽 王磊 石可歆 孟哲 黃月 鄭素榮



摘要 [目的]比較分析花生殼膳食纖維的提取方法、理化和功能特性。[方法]以花生殼為原料,分別采用直接水提法(W)、乳酸菌發酵法(F)和擠壓膨化法(E)提取花生殼可溶性膳食纖維(SDF),詳細比較它們的各種理化和功能特性。[結果]W-SDF、F-SDF和E-SDF的溶解性分別為2.07%、3.74%和4.72%,持水力分別為8.63、12.84和15.28 g/g,持油力分別為2.32、3.07和4.17 g/g,膨脹力分別為11.73、13.85和16.23 mL/g,乳化活性分別為408.3、 528.4和604.6 mL/L,乳化穩定性分別為428.7、489.3和563.8 mL/L,最小凝膠濃度分別為13.19%、 10.24%和8.92%;在腸道環境(pH 7.0)中,對重金屬Pb吸附能力分別為178.6、243.6、308.1 μmol/g,對As的吸附能力分別為143.5、200.4、276.5 μmol/g,對Cu的吸附能力分別為49.3、103.8、169.3 μmol/g;在胃環境(pH 2.0)中,W-SDF、F-SDF、E-SDF對重金屬Pb的吸附能力分別為52.9、106.3、178.5 μmol/g,對As的吸附能力分別為60.3、98.4、164.2 μmol/g,對Cu的吸附能力分別為32.7、50.2、89.7 μmol/g。[結論]研究結果可為花生殼膳食纖維的功能改性及綜合利用提供理論依據。
關鍵詞 花生殼;可溶性膳食纖維;提取方法;理化特性;功能特性
中圖分類號 TS201.4 文獻標識碼 A 文章編號 0517-6611(2017)13-0089-03
Study on Physicochemical and Functional Properties of Soluble Dietary Fiber from Peanut Shell
SHAN Ping-yang1, WANG Lei1*, SHI Ke-xin2 et al
(1. Tangshan Food and Drug Administration, Tangshan, Hebei 063000; 2. College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410000)
Abstract [Objective] To study extraction methods, physicochemical and functional properties of soluble dietary fiber(SDF) from peanut shell.[Method] With peanut shell as raw material, SDF was extracted from peanut shell by water extraction(W), lactic acid bacteria fermentation(F) and extrusion(E), the physicochemical and functional properties were compared in detail.[Result] The result showed that the solubility, water holding capacity, oil holding capacity and swelling force of W-SDF, F-SDF and E-SDF were (2.07%, 3.74% and 4.72%), (8.63, 12.84 and15.28 g/g), (2.32, 3.07 and 4.17 g/g), (11.73, 13.85 and 16.23 mL/g), respectively; The emulsifying property, emulsifying stability and minimum gel concentration were (408.30, 528.40 and 604.60 mL/L), (428.70, 489.30 and 563.80 mL/L), (1319%, 10.24% and 8.92%), respectively; The binding capacities for heavy metal ion Pb, As and Cu were (178.6, 243.6, 308.1 μmol/g), (143.5, 200.4, 276.5 μmol/g), (49.3, 103.8, 169.3 μmol/g) at pH 7.0 and (52.9, 106.3, 178.5 μmol/g), (603, 98.4, 164.2 μmol/g), (32.7, 50.2, 89.7 μmol/g) at pH 2.0, respectively.[Conclusion] The research can provide a reference for functional modifications and utilization of dietary fiber from peanut shell.
Key words Peanut shell;Soluble dietary fiber;Extraction method;Physicochemical property;Functional property
近年來,膳食纖維在食品營養和臨床醫學上的重要作用越來越受到人們的關注,被稱為人類“第七大營養元素”[1-3]。膳食纖維雖不具營養價值,但其具有的物化特性使之具有獨特的生理功能和營養保健作用。按其溶解性的不同大致分為可溶性膳食纖維(SDF)和不溶性膳食纖維(IDF)兩類[4-8]。可溶性膳食纖維較不溶性膳食纖維在生理功能方面更能發揮其代謝作用,在促進腸道益生菌的生長,預防糖尿病、肥胖病、冠心病、動脈硬化、高血脂等方面具有特殊的功效[9-15]。
我國是世界花生生產、消費和出口大國,種植面積和年產量均居世界前列。……