不同干筋溫度對翠碧1號煙葉烘烤質量的影響

靖軍領 黃本榮 林偉杰 王新旺 張炳輝 張瀛

摘要 [目的]研究不同干筋溫度對煙葉烤后質量的影響，為確定不同部位煙葉最佳干筋溫度提供理論依據。[方法]以翠碧1號品種為材料，通過設置4個不同干筋溫度處理，研究不同處理對下、中、上部位煙葉外觀及內在品質的影響。[結果]干筋階段最高干球溫濕度對烤后煙葉的外觀質量和內在品質有較大影響，中下部煙葉干筋期最高溫度64 ℃，上部葉68 ℃，烤后煙葉顏色光澤鮮亮，物理特性好，煙葉的外觀等級質量較好，化學成分協調性和感官評吸質量改善效果較為突出。[結論]適當降低煙葉干筋期最高溫度對提高烤后煙葉工業可用性較為有利。

關鍵詞 烤煙；密集烘烤；干筋期；內在品質

中圖分類號 S509.2 文獻標識碼 A 文章編號 0517-6611（2017）13-0080-05

Effects of Different Stem Drying Temperature on Baking Quality of Tobacco Leaf Cuibi 1

JING Jun-ling， HUANG Ben-rong， LIN Wei-jie et al

（Shaxian Company of Sanming Tobacco Corporation， Sanming， Fujian 365500）

Abstract [Objective] To study the effect of different stem drying temperature on baking quality of tobacco leaf， and to provide theoretical basis for determining the optimum temperature of different parts of tobacco leaf. [Method] With Cuibi 1 as the material， the effects of different treatments on the appearance and intrinsic quality of the lower， middle and upper tobacco were studied by setting four stem drying temperature. [Result] The maximum dry bulb temperature and humidity had a great influence on the appearance quality and intrinsic quality of the flue-cured tobacco leaves. The highest temperature of the middle and lower tobacco leaves was 64 ℃， the upper leaves were 68 ℃， the color of flue-cured tobacco leaf was bright and physical properties were good， the appearance quality of tobacco leaves was better， the chemical composition coordination and sensory evaluation quality improvement effect was more prominent. [Conclusion] It is more beneficial to improve the industrial availability of tobacco leaves after appropriate reduction of the maximum temperature of dry season.

Key words Flue-cured tobacco；Intensive baking；Stem drying period；Inner quality

干筋階段是排除煙葉主脈水分的時期，此階段主要是蒸發散失煙筋水分使之干燥的過程，該階段干球溫度的高低對煙葉香氣質量和香吃味的影響較為突出[1]。由于許多香氣物質沸點較低，具有熱不穩定性，因此，該時期溫度不宜過高，否則易出現一些香氣成分的揮發損失和煙葉烤紅現象。研究發現，干筋期的溫度范圍一般在55～68 ℃，干筋期溫度超過71 ℃會引起糖分焦化[2]，適當降低最高干筋溫度有利于煙葉香氣凈化，減少有益香氣揮發[3]，但溫度過低，煙葉不易烤干，耗能較多。有關溫、濕度對煙葉生理生化特性及烤后煙葉品質的影響已有研究[2-11]，但多集中在烘烤過程的變黃和定色階段。關于不同最高干筋溫濕度對煙葉內在品質及煙葉香氣質量關系的研究目前鮮見報道。……