王愛紅 鄧細華


摘要利用2013—2014年的分宜地面氣象觀測站觀測資料和區域自動站加密觀測資料,采用溫差訂正法,分析縣城與各鄉鎮氣象要素(逐日最高氣溫、最低氣溫)之間的差異。結果表明,隨著季節的變化,縣觀測站點與各鄉鎮觀測站點之間的最高、最低溫度具有明顯差異。在此基礎上,以預報員主觀制作的縣站最高、最低氣溫預報結果作為基礎,利用分析結果對上級指導預報進行訂正,極大地提高鄉鎮氣象要素的預報準確率。
關鍵詞氣象要素;最高氣溫;最低氣溫;差異;準確率
中圖分類號S165文獻標識碼
A文章編號0517-6611(2017)10-0191-02
Study on the Method of Revised Forecast of Meteorological Elements in County and Township of Fenyi County
WANG Aihong1,DENG Xihua2(1.Fenyi County Meteorological Bureau,Fenyi,Jiangxi 336600;2.Xinyu City Meteorological Bureau,Xinyu,Jiangxi 338000)
AbstractUsing the observational data of the sub meteorological observation station and the regional automatic station from 2013 to 2014,the difference between the county and the township meteorological factors (daily maximum temperature and minimum temperature) was analyzed by temperature difference correction method.The results showed that there was a significant difference in the maximum temperature and minimum temperature between the county observation sites and the township observation sites with the seasons change.On the basis of this,based on the results of the highest and lowest temperature forecast of the county station by forecaster subjective production,the results of the analysis were used to revise the guidance forecast of the superior,which could greatly improve the forecast accuracy of meteorological elements of township.
Key wordsMeteorological elements;Maximum temperature;Minimum temperature;Difference;Accuracy rate
日最高、最低氣溫預報是最基本天氣預報要素之一。隨著經濟社會發展對天氣預報的精細化要求越來越高[1],農業生產也迫切需要更加準確的氣象預報信息,制作精細化到鄉鎮的最高、最低氣溫預報顯得尤為重要。分宜縣鄉鎮的最高、最低溫度的預報,一直是以分宜縣國家一般氣象站所監測的數據為準,憑經驗對鄉鎮要素進行訂正,預報的空間尺度大,精細化程度不高,人為因素較大[2]。而近年來,鄉鎮區域自動氣象站的建設為提供精細化到鄉鎮的天氣預報奠定了基礎。區域自動氣象站具有獲取資料準確度高、時間和空間分辨率強并能獲取空白區域資料的特點。筆者利用密度較大的區域自動氣象站資料開展最高、最低溫度的訂正預報,通過統計分析,總結出鄉鎮要素預報經驗規律,摸索出一套適合鄉鎮要素預報的方法,對上級的指導預報開展訂正,提高鄉鎮要素預報的精細化,制作發布鄉鎮短期基本氣象要素預報產品,提供質量更高的氣象服務。……