周莉薇 張強 張國龍 張澤
摘要[目的]研究膜下滴灌棉花不同土層深度土壤水勢變化及與棉花功能葉片水勢之間的關(guān)系,實現(xiàn)土壤水分的實時監(jiān)測。[方法]利用水勢測定儀測定土壤水勢,并建立基于土壤水勢的棉花滴灌預(yù)警模型。[結(jié)果]土壤水勢在20~40 cm土層變化幅度較大,土壤水勢(x)與棉花功能葉的凌晨葉水勢(y)之間的關(guān)系:0~20 cm土層的方程式為y=-0.000 7x2-0.028 3x-1.394 3(R2=0.964 3),20~40 cm土層的方程式為y=-0.000 8x2-0.046 6x-1.8 093(R2=0.948 2)。通過田間驗證預(yù)測精度較高(R2=0.945 7)。 [結(jié)論]該研究為膜下滴灌棉花灌溉補水和水分實時監(jiān)測預(yù)警提供參考。
關(guān)鍵詞滴灌;棉花;水勢;預(yù)警;模型
中圖分類號S275.6文獻標識碼
A文章編號0517-6611(2017)10-0113-02
Study on Warning Model of Cotton Drip Irrigation Based on Soil Water Potential
ZHOU Liwei1,ZHANG Qiang2,ZHANG Guolong2,ZHANG Ze2*(1.Huili Irrigation Polytron Technologies Inc,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832003;2.Shihezi Hao Fengde Technology Co.Ltd.,Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003)
Abstract[Objective] To study the relationship between soil water potential changes of cotton under mulched dip irrigation in different soil depth and water potential of cotton function leaf,and realize the realtime monitoring of soil moisture.[Method] Soil water potential was measured using water potential instrument,and early warning model of cotton drip irrigation based on soil water potential was established.[Result] Change amplitude of soil water potential (SWP) was maximum in soil layer of 20-40 cm,and the relationship between soil water potential (x) and leaf water potential of function leaves (y) in the morning:equation in 0-20 cm soil layer for y=0.000 7x2-0.028 3x-1.394 3 (R2=0.964 3),equation in 20-40 cm soil layer for y=0.000 8x2-0.046 6x-1.809 3(R2=0.948 2).Through the field validation prediction accuracy was higher (R2=0.945 7).[Conclusion] The study can provide theoretical reference for filling water and realtime monitoring and early warning.
Key wordsDrip irrigation;Cotton;Water potential;Warning;Model
新疆植棉區(qū)屬于半干旱地區(qū),具有豐富充足的自然光熱資源。經(jīng)過多年的發(fā)展和開發(fā),新疆棉區(qū)具備較為先進、完善的膜下灌溉體系和技術(shù)[1]。目前新疆飲用的水資源中,農(nóng)業(yè)用水比例位居首位,達97%[2]。近年來,由于新疆工農(nóng)業(yè)的快速發(fā)展、人口數(shù)量的逐步增加以及西部大開發(fā)帶來的經(jīng)濟水平突飛猛進,城市居民生活用水和工農(nóng)業(yè)用水數(shù)量急劇增加,水資源浪費現(xiàn)象嚴重,導(dǎo)致水資源供應(yīng)明顯不足[3]。因此水資源成為目前農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展急需考慮的重要因素,了解和掌握棉田土壤水分的變化運移規(guī)律,對棉花生長發(fā)育、水分的實時監(jiān)測和灌溉用水計劃具有一定的指導(dǎo)意義,能夠有效地指導(dǎo)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)[4-6]。筆者通過研究膜下滴灌棉花不同土層深度土壤水勢變化與棉花功能葉片水勢之間的關(guān)系,研究其變化規(guī)律,建立基于土壤水勢的棉花滴灌預(yù)警模型,為農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)灌溉補水計劃提供理論依據(jù)?!?br>