白騰飛 劉陽 楊月 劉月芹 任桂梅
摘要[目的]探究以杏鮑菇菌糠為主要原料養殖蚯蚓的最佳飼料配方。[方法]采用L9(34)正交試驗,研究在杏鮑菇菌糠中添加不同比例的玉米粉、豆粕、尿素對蚯蚓養殖效果的影響。[結果]蚯蚓繁殖和增重適宜的最佳飼料配方為玉米粉6.0%,豆粕5.0%,尿素0.2%。此條件下,單盆繁殖數為19條,單盆增重為17.35 g。[結論]該研究結果可為杏鮑菇菌糠的綜合利用提供依據。
關鍵詞杏鮑菇菌糠;蚯蚓;配方;正交試驗
中圖分類號S899.8文獻標識碼
A文章編號0517-6611(2017)10-0106-02
Optimization of Feed Formula of Pleurotus eryngii Bran for Raising Earthworm
BAI Tengfei1,LIU Yang1,YANG Yue2,LIU Yueqin1,3* et al(1.College of Life Sciences,Yanan Univeisity,Yanan,Shaanxi 716000; 2.Medical College of Yanan University,Yanan,Shaanxi 716000; 3.Shaanxi Research Center of Engineering Technology for Conservation and Utilization of Regional Biological Resources,Yanan,Shaanxi 716000)
Abstract[Objective] To explore the best feed formula of Pleurotus eryngii bran for raising earthworm.[Method] By using L9(34) orthogonal test,the influences of adding different proportion of corn flour,soybean meal,urea in P.eryngii bran on the feeding effects of earthworm were studied.[Result] The optimum feed formula for the reproduction and weight gain of earthworm was as follows:corn flour 6.0%,soybean meal 5.0% and urea 0.2%.Under the above conditions,the number of reproduced earthworm per basin was 19 and the weight gain of earthworm per basin was 17.35 g.[Conclusion] The research results can provide basis for the comprehensive utilization of P.eryngii bran.
Key wordsPleurotus eryngii bran;Earthworm;Formula;Orthogonal test
近年來,杏鮑菇(Pleurotus eryngii)工廠化栽培技術趨于成熟,其產量也在逐年增加,但工廠化生產杏鮑菇一般只采收一潮菇,生物學效率也較低,營養利用率差。大部分生產者將菌糠隨意丟棄,任其腐爛發霉,造成了極大的浪費,在一定程度上限制了企業的發展[1-2]。因此,合理開發利用廢菌包,不僅可以充分利用資源,使其變廢為寶,而且能減輕廢菌包對環境污染的壓力[3],具有顯著的生態效應。
蚯蚓蛋的蛋白質含量高達70%,且富含有多種維生素、氨基酸、脂肪酸、微量元素等,具有較高的利用價值。蚯蚓不僅能改土肥田、修復凈化土壤環境,而且具有較高的藥用和飼用價值[4-5]。蚯蚓糞便富含多種營養成分和有益微生物,是一種優質的有機肥。合理施用蚓糞將會對土壤肥力及作物生長產生顯著的促進作用[6]。若要進行蚯蚓的大規模養殖,對飼料需求量會很大。我國是食用菌生產大國,菌渣數量龐大,但對菌渣的有效再利用卻一直未能很好地解決[7]。……