朱立樹 葉向陽 江洋
摘要[目的]研究儲藏溫度對糙米糊化特性的影響。[方法]采用快速黏度儀測定糙米在15、25和35 ℃ 3個溫度條件下儲存180 d期間的糊化特性。[結果]隨著儲藏時間的延長,糙米的峰值黏度、最低黏度等糊化特性指標都呈上升的趨勢,溫度越高變化差異越顯著。糙米在不同儲藏溫度下的回生值隨時間延長也顯示出差異,15 ℃儲藏條件下,糙米的糊化特性變化較小,因而低溫儲藏應作為糙米儲藏的最佳條件。[結論]該研究可為糙米的安全儲藏提供一定的理論依據。
關鍵詞糙米;溫度;儲藏
中圖分類號S509.3文獻標識碼
A文章編號0517-6611(2017)10-0082-03
Effects of Storage Temperature on Pasting Properties of Brown Rice
ZHU Lishu,YE Xiangyang,JIANG Yang(Hangzhou Fuyicang Rice Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 311199)
Abstract[Objective] The effects of storage temperature on pasting characteristics of brown rice were studied.[Method] Using rapid viscosity meter to determine pasting properties of brown rice under different storage temperature (15,25 and 35 ℃) for 180 d.[Result] With the prolongation of storage time,the peak viscosity and the lowest viscosity of brown rice showed an upward trend,and the higher the temperature,the more significant the difference was.The retrogradation value of brown rice at different storage temperatures also changed with time.Under the storage temperature of 15 ℃,the gelatinization characteristics of brown rice had smaller change,so low temperature should be the best condition for the storage of brown rice.[Conclusion] This paper provides a theoretical basis for the storage quality control of brown rice.
Key wordsBrown rice;Temperature;Storage
稻谷只經清理礱谷脫去谷殼的果實(穎果)即為糙米[1-2]。糙米儲藏相比稻谷儲藏具有既節省倉容又可節約儲藏和運輸費用等優點[3],糙米也比普通精米含有更多對人體有益的營養成分,例如膳食纖維、維生素E和B族維生素、微量礦物元素以及谷維素、木酚素等生理活性物質[4-5]。糙米被越來越廣泛地應用于高附加值食品領域的同時也存在安全儲藏等問題。因糙米中淀粉含量占胚乳重量的80%以上[6],糙米淀粉性質的變化能使米飯蒸煮黏性下降,口感變差,儲藏過程中,淀粉性質的變化會對糙米食用品質產生巨大影響[7-8]。
糙米的安全儲藏得到國內外研究人員的廣泛關注[9-12]。古爭艷等[13]研究了在不同溫度下,2種儲藏方式對粳糙米的加工及食用品質指標變化規律的影響,結果表明,隨著儲藏時間延長和溫度升高,粳糙米的糊化特性(峰值黏度、最低黏度、最終黏度)、硬度、彈性和色澤逐漸增大或增加?!?br>