王瑋 鄭敏 王靜
摘要[目的]研究螯合態有機肥對烤煙產質量的影響。[方法]在陜西省隴縣新集川鎮開展螯合態有機肥示范,分析螯合態有機肥與常規有機肥對烤煙農藝性狀、抗病性、經濟性狀的影響。[結果]施用螯合態肥料的煙田落黃相對較早,成熟期提前,烤后煙葉色域深,橘黃煙比例高,產值略高。[結論]建議繼續擴大示范面積,進一步驗證其使用效果。
關鍵詞煙草;螯合態生物有機肥;質量;示范
中圖分類號S572文獻標識碼A文章編號0517-6611(2017)10-0048-02
Effect of Organic Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Fluecured Tobacco in Longxian Tobacco Growing Area
WANG Wei, ZHENG Min,WANG Jing
(Longxian Branch of Baoji Tobacco Company,Baoji,Shaanxi 721200 )
Abstract[Objective] Effects of chelating organic fertilizer on yield and quality of fluecured tobacco were studied. [Methods] The chelated organic fertilizer demonstration was carried out to analyze effects of chelating organic fertilizer and conventional organic fertilizer on the agronomic traits, disease resistance,and economic traits in Xinji Town of Longxian in Shaanxi.[Result] In the feild of application of chelated fertilizer, the leaves yellowed relatively early, maturing period was advanced ,tobacco after baking color gamut was deep,proportion of orange smoke was high, output value was slightly high. [Conclusion] It was recommended to continue to expand the demonstration area to further verify the effectiveness of the use.
Key wordsTobacco;Chelate bioorganic fertilizer;Quality;Demonstration
“煙草”在我國是一個大行業[1]。煙草是我國重要的經濟作物之一,面積和總產量居世界第1位。從1987年開始,我國煙草行業實現的稅利連續14年高居國民經濟各行業之首,為國家建設做出了巨大貢獻[2]。施肥是調控烤煙生長發育、影響煙葉產量和品質的重要因素[3]。目前,我國烤煙生產以施用化肥為主,大量化肥的施用,導致部分土壤結構變差,有機質含量下降,微生物活性降低,養分供應不平衡,從而使土壤環境惡化,煙株抗病性降低,煙葉質量下降[4]。科學施用有機肥可以改善土壤微生物環境,提高土壤肥料利用率,從而改善土壤結構[5-6]。筆者開展螯合態有機肥與常規油渣有機肥對比試驗,探索螯合態有機肥對烤煙產質量的影響,旨在為改善隴縣煙區土壤環境及有機肥的篩選提供科學依據和數據支撐。
1材料與方法
1.1試驗地概況
試驗在隴縣新集川鎮保家河村示范區進行。供試品種為遼煙17,煙苗移栽時間為2016年4月23日。……