李晶 賀永斌 南銘 黃凱 周謙
摘要[目的]了解甘肅省中部地區冬小麥品種(系)的適應性和豐產性,為篩選適宜該地區種植的冬小麥種質提供依據。[方法]通過田間觀察、物候期記載、農藝性狀調查和產量統計分析,篩選適宜該地區種植的冬小麥品種(系)。[結果]200707-3、靜冬0318生育期適中,籽粒飽滿,產量較高,分別較對照隴中1號高32.98%和30.18%,抗逆性強,豐產性好。[結論]200707-3、靜冬0318綜合性狀表現好,適宜在甘肅省中部地區推廣種植。
關鍵詞冬小麥;品種(系);篩選
中圖分類號S512.1+1文獻標識碼A文章編號0517-6611(2017)10-0034-02
Screening on Winter Wheat Varieties (lines) in Central Region of Gansu Province
LI Jing, HE Yongbin, NAN Ming, ZHOU Qian* et al
(Dingxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dingxi, Gansu 743000)
Abstract[Objective]To understand the adaptability and high yield of winter wheat varieties (lines) in central region of Gansu Province, and provide the basis for screening the suitable winter wheat germplasm for the region. [Method]Through field observation, phenological records, agronomic traits survey and statistical analysis of yield, we screened the suitable winter wheat varieties (lines) for the region.[Result]200707-3 and Jingdong 0318 had moderate growth period, full grain yield and high yield.The yields of 200707-3 and Jingdong 0318 were 32.98% and 30.18% higher than the control,with strong stress resistance and good yield.[Conclusion]200707-3 and Jingdong 0318 have good comprehensive performance, which were suitable for planting widely in central region of Gansu Province.
Key wordsWinter wheat;Varieties (lines);Screen
小麥是我國重要的商品糧食和戰略性的主要糧食儲藏品種,它是世界上分布最廣、產量最多、總貿易額最大、營養價值最高的糧食作物,其中大部分可供食用,僅有1/6作為飼料使用[1]。小麥是一種溫帶長日照植物,適應范圍較廣,自17°~50°N,從平原到海拔4 000 m的高原均有種植。甘肅省冬小麥種植面積有60多萬hm2[2],該省冬小麥主要種植在中部和東部山區、溝壑區、平原區,種植品種以地方品種為主[3-4]。為進一步優化品種布局,篩選出適合甘肅省中部大面積推廣的豐產、抗逆性品種[5],筆者根據當地的環境選擇耕作制度和播種時間[6],于2014—2015年對5個冬小麥品種(系)的適應性、豐產性進行鑒定。
1材料與方法
1.1試驗地概況
試驗設在甘肅省定西市安定區石泉鄉山莊村,地理坐標104°12′48″E、35°17′54″N,海拔2 200 m,年降雨量400 mm左右,蒸發量在1 500 mm以上,年平均氣溫6.3 ℃,無霜期141 d,年平均日照時數2 500.1 h,試驗地前茬作物為胡麻,梯田地,土壤為黃綿土。
1.2材料
供試品種(系)名稱及來源見表1,以隴中1號為對照(CK)。……