徐雪瑩 陳于隴 徐玉娟 吳繼軍



摘 要 采用PO保鮮袋包裝,在8 ℃及25 ℃貯藏溫度下,研究西番蓮呼吸速率、可溶性固形物、pH值、Vc、失重率、皺縮度、可溶性蛋白、多酚等生理特性和營養品質的變化規律。結果表明:與25 ℃貯藏相比,8 ℃貯藏下西番蓮呼吸速率、皺縮指數和失重率分別僅為前者的1/10、1/3和1/10,pH值較前者低0.2左右;可溶性固形物、Vc和可溶性性蛋白的含量分別比前者高15.8%、31%和80.5%,多酚含量為前者的2倍左右。因此,低溫PO保鮮袋包裝能較好地維持貯藏期間西番蓮的品質,是一種較好的西番蓮保鮮方法。
關鍵詞 西番蓮;皺縮指數;維生素C;品質
中圖分類號 S667.9 文獻標識碼 A
Abstract The variation of physiological and nutritional quality, including respiration rate, soluble solids, acidity, vitamin C(Vc), weight loss, the degree of shrinkage, soluble protein and polyphenols in Vietnam passion fruit, packaged by polyolefin(PO)bags and stored at temperatures of 8 ℃ and 25 ℃, was investigated in this paper. The results showed that the respiration rate, degree of shrinkage and weight loss of passion fruit stored at 8 ℃ were only 1/10, 1/3 and 1/10 of the samples at 25 ℃, respectively, and the value of pH was decreased by 0.2 compared with the samples at 25 ℃. In addition, the contents of soluble solids, Vc and soluble protein were 15.8%, 31% and 80.5% higher than the samples at 25 ℃, while the total phenol content was approximately twice more than that at 25 ℃. Thus, the treatment with the storing temperature of 8 ℃ and PO bags package is a good preservation method to maintain the quality of passion fruit during storage.
Key words Passion fruit; Shrinkage index; Vitamin C; Quality
doi 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2015.03.019
西番蓮屬于西番蓮科(Passifloraceae)中最大且最重要的西番蓮屬(Passiflora L.)[1-2],為熱帶多年生草質到半木質藤本植物,主要分布在中國的廣西、臺灣、福建、云南、廣東等省(區)。目前大量栽培的主要為紫果西番蓮(Passiflora edulis Sim.)、黃果西番蓮(P edulis f. flavicarpa)及紫果與黃果的雜交種,該種植物適應性強、易繁殖,產量高達15 t/hm2[3]。西番蓮果實為漿果,呈現橘黃的鮮艷色澤,且集菠蘿、荔枝、香蕉、草莓、楊桃等數種水果香味于一體[4],風味濃郁,芳香怡人。據測定,西番蓮果實含有超過132種以上的芳香物質,是世界上已知的最芳香的水果之一,國外稱其為“果汁之王”。另據Jordan等[5]的研究結果表明,西番蓮果汁中的60多種酯類香味成分使其具有強烈誘人的香氣和風味。西番蓮香味的特殊性、其富含的營養成分及潛在的抗焦慮等藥用價值,使其獲得了人們的廣泛認可,西番蓮果汁在國際市場上更是供不應求[6]。……