蓋江濤 陳振璽 王鵬



摘 要 苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL,phenylalanine ammonia-lyase[EC:4.3.1.24])是植物次生代謝尤其是苯丙烷途徑的關鍵酶,與植物抵抗病原菌入侵密切相關,具有重要的植物生理學意義;其催化產物是辣椒素等植物天然產物的前體。采用BLASTP方法,依托全基因組數據庫,獲得了番茄、馬鈴薯、本氏煙草、辣椒等4種茄科植物及楊樹、擬南芥的PAL基因家族成員共27條序列,并對其進行初步的生物信息學分析、理化性質分析及結構分析。結果表明:在進化過程中,茄科植物煙草、番茄、馬鈴薯和辣椒的親緣關系較近,擬南芥、楊樹與茄科植物的親緣關系較遠;酸性蛋白質占96.3%,所有蛋白均為親水性穩定蛋白、有明顯跨膜現象、無信號肽;所有PAL亞細胞定位于細胞質中,具有活性位點的蛋白占96.3%。本研究結果為進一步研究茄科植物中PAL代謝機理提供理論支持。
關鍵詞 苯丙氨酸解氨酶;PAL;基因家族;氨基酸;茄科
中圖分類號 Q949.777.7 文獻標識碼 A
Abstract Phenylalanine ammonialyase(PAL, EC:4. 3. 1. 24)is a critical enzyme in secondary metabolism of plants, which has significant biological relevance and strong ability against bacteria; also, its product provides precursor for plant natural products such as capsaicinoids. In this study, based on the genome database, 27 peptide sequences belonging to phenylalanine ammonialyase gene family were obtained from Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. (syn. Solanum lycopersicum L.), Solanum tuberosum L., Nicotiana benthamiana Domin, Capsicum annuum L., Populus trichocarpa L and Arabidopsis thaliana(L.)Heynh by BLASTP, and analysed by bioinformatics, physico-chemical properties, structural analysis. The analysis showed that tobacco, tomatoes, potatoes and peppers have close genetic relationship, then Arabidopsis thaliana, poplar is further in evolution. Acidic protein is 96.3%. All PAL proteins are located in cytoplasm, hydrophilic, stable, transmembrane, no signal, and 96.3% of the protein has the active site. The anaytical results provide data for the next study of Solanaceae metabolic mechanism.
Key words Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase;PAL;Gene family;Amino acid;Solanaceae
doi 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2015.03.005
苯丙氨酸解氨酶(Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase,PAL,EC:4.3.1.24)是一種與植物抗病性相關的酶。它通過催化L-苯丙氨酸(L-Phenylalanine)脫氨生成肉桂酸和氨,進而合成多種具有抗菌作用的產物,是植物體內次生代謝的關鍵酶和限速酶,其酶活性的高低與植物的抗病性密切相關[1]。
植物在遭受冷害[2-4]、傷害[5-6]和病原菌侵染[7]等情況下,PAL活性迅速上升。在馬鈴薯晚疫病[8]、茄子黃萎病[9]、煙草赤星病[10]及煙草受TMV浸染[11]的研究結果中都表明苯丙氨酸解氨酶活性變化和植物抗性關系密切。因此,PAL活性可作為植物抗逆境能力的一個生理指標。
目前,有關PAL基因與茄科植物抗性的研究已有報道,如利用病原菌侵染番茄,植物感病后,結果發現番茄品種的抗病性與其接種后體內PAL酶活性變化呈正相關[12-14];……