初中英語教學大綱對“聽”的具體要求是:學生能聽懂廣播、電視、錄音等與本學段水平相當的英語有聲語言材料;能聽懂語速為每分鐘120 個詞左右、與學生生活貼近的、基本沒有生詞的語言材料,并能獲取所需信息。因此,加強學生的聽力訓練,提高學生的英語聽力水平已成為一種必然趨勢。在長期的教學過程中,筆者總結出巧做英語聽力題 “四妙招”,希望對學生有所幫助。
“妙招一”:爭取時間,提前審題
選項是解題的關鍵,充分利用聽錄音前短暫的時間,掃描試題選項,努力尋找四個選項之間的差別,預測所聽內容的重點。小題之間,間隔8秒,利用這個空隙還可再瀏覽一遍要聽的題,做到心中有數。例如,選擇正確答案:A.She is a cleaner. B. She is a teacher C. She is a worker.從選項中可預測該問題肯定是問職業的,那么在聽錄音時,我們就應該留意其對話場合和身份。
“妙招二”:集中精力, 善抓關鍵詞
聽錄音時,要把注意力集中到含有答案的詞句上。例如:聽力原文Rose is eleven years old. She goes to school by bus. Last week she had a bad cold. She felt weak and sick. She went to the hospital to see a doctor. She had to stay in bed for a few days.
題目:( )1. How old is Rose?
A. 10. B. 11. C. 12.
( )2. How does she go to school?
A. By bike. B. On foot. C. By bus.
( )3. Why didn’t Rose go to school?
A. Because she was ill.
B. Because her father was ill.
C. Because her brother was ill.
從短文中得出第1題答案是B。從She goes to school by bus.得知第2題答案是C。從She had a bad cold.得知第3題答案是A。
其次,注意表示轉折和否定意義的關鍵詞和詞組。表示轉折的常用詞是but,yet,though,although,聽者要注意轉折詞后的部分。表示否定意義的詞和詞組主要有no,not,never,seldom,hardly,neither,too...to...,little,few等等,所以考生有必要特別注意。
“妙招三”:通覽全文,善抓主題句
主題句是做聽力題的核心,大多數對話中的主題句,多是由后說者的回答予以表達的,短文要注意開頭結尾。開頭句是信息內容的引導句,而結尾一般是歸納總結。如有一段獨白的首句是Many people like to deco?鄄rate their houses at Christmas time.聽到這句話時,首先便可推測出這段話是講某個地方(后面又聽到是New York and Washington兩個城市)裝飾圣誕樹的情況,這樣就可做出下面這道題:
What’s the passage about?
A. It’s about celebrating Christmas.
B. It’s about Christmas decoration.
C. It’s about Christmas tree.
答案為B。
“妙招四”:邊聽邊寫,學會“速記”
在聽錄音時,要用自己熟練的符號來速記,比如將年、月、日、星期、時間、年齡、價碼等數字和關鍵詞盡量記下,并做好必要的換算,對于人名和地名可記下首字母或漢字。例如,選項:A. 42 B.23 C.19 錄音:
M: How many students are there in your class?
W: Forty?鄄two. Twenty?鄄three of them are girls.
Q: How many boys are there in the class?
解析:考生可作如下記錄:42s(s代表學生),23g(g表示女生),據錄音記錄,合理計算,b(代表男生)=42-23=19,最后選出C。
總之,要想完美地過聽力這一關,我們不但要掌握一定的應試技巧,更重要的是堅持聽力練習,不斷地鍛煉聽力,這樣才能保證我們在考試中能沉著冷靜地應對英語聽力。
(責任編輯:黃曉)