筆者以人物簡介類基礎(chǔ)寫作為例,談?wù)勅绾卫谜n堂提高英語基礎(chǔ)寫作。
馬克·吐溫是美國著名作家。馬克·吐溫(1835—1910)生于關(guān)國Missouri,他是關(guān)國19世紀(jì)著名作家之一。他的家鄉(xiāng)位于密西西比河畔。成年后他曾在密西西比河的船上當(dāng)水手。他寫過很多小說,其中最著名的是《湯姆索亞歷險(xiǎn)記》。他的作品被譯成多國文字,深受全世界讀者喜愛。
寫作內(nèi)容:請(qǐng)根據(jù)上面提供的內(nèi)容寫一篇人物簡介。寫作要求:1. 必須使用五個(gè)句子介紹全部所含內(nèi)容。2 . 將五個(gè)句子組成連貫的短文。
第一步審題
這篇書面表達(dá)為人物簡介,體裁應(yīng)當(dāng)為記敘文。
第二步羅列要點(diǎn)
記敘文的要素一般包括5個(gè)W(when,where,who,what,why)和一個(gè)H(how)
1. 人物簡介,出生時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、職業(yè)。
2. 人物生平:在密西西比河上當(dāng)過水手,寫過許多小說。
3. 成就:著名小說《湯姆索亞歷險(xiǎn)記》。許多作品被譯成多國文字,深受全世界讀者喜愛。
注意事項(xiàng):時(shí)態(tài)多為過去式,后面提及他對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響可用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。人稱多為第三人稱。
第三步將各要點(diǎn)分別翻譯成句
1. Mark Twain(1835—1910)was one of the most well-known American writers in the 19th century.
2.He was born in Missouriin the middle part of the United States.
3.His hometown lay on the banks of the Mississippi River.
4.When he grew up,he worked as a sailor on a river boat for some time.
5.Mark Twain wrote a lot of novels.
6.One of the novels is the Adventure of Tom Sawyer.
7.Some Of his novels have been translated into many languages.
8.His works are deeplyloved by readers throughoutthe world.
第四步合并句子
分析:1、2句羅列人物簡介出生時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、職業(yè),可并為一句。第3、4句描述其曾在家鄉(xiāng)河畔從事水手職業(yè),可并為一句。第5、6句作品及其代表作可以合并成一句。第7、8句指作家及其作品對(duì)以后的影響,可以合并成一句。作文要求五句作文,因此可以分別寫作品及作者本人的影響力。
第五步頭腦風(fēng)暴
通過溫習(xí)關(guān)于人物描述的詞組、句型,進(jìn)行頭腦風(fēng)暴,為隨后的例文仿寫夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。
第六步例文仿寫
寫作內(nèi)容:介紹你的好友,李華。
1. 外貌特征:長相幽默,戴一副深度眼鏡。2.性格:幽默、熱心、深受同學(xué)喜愛。3. 興趣:跳街舞(hip—hop)4.事跡:今年五月份參加市舞蹈大賽獲一等獎(jiǎng),并將獎(jiǎng)金全部捐獻(xiàn)給一位家庭有困難的同學(xué)。要求:用五個(gè)句子將以上意思連貫起來,形成一篇短文,內(nèi)容可以適當(dāng)調(diào)整和發(fā)揮。
第七步分析
體裁:應(yīng)為記敘文。人稱宜采用第三人稱。時(shí)態(tài):現(xiàn)在時(shí),第四點(diǎn)為過去時(shí)。
第八步將各要點(diǎn)翻譯成句,并作適當(dāng)拓展提煉
1. My good friend,Li Hua,aged 17,is a funny looking boy
2. He wears a pair of thick glasses.
提示:用分詞作定語合并或者介詞詞組修飾boy,如:My good friend,Li Hua,aged 17,is a funny looking boy with/wearing a pair of thick glasses.
3. He is a very active boy with a lot of hobbies.
4. One of his hobbies makes him most famous,that is,hip-hop.
提示:第3、4句可以用定語從句合并,如:He is a very active boy with a Iot of hobbies.one of his hobbies makes him most famous,that is,hip-hop.
5. He took part in the Dance Competition in our city and got the first prize.
提示可以適當(dāng)拓展此句,如 He enjoys hip-hop so much that he even took part in the Dance Competition in our city and got the first prize.
6. To our surprise,he gave all the prize money to a classmate.
7. The classmate’s family is very poor.
提示:第6、7句可以用定語從句連接,如:To our surprise,he gave all the prize money to a classmate whose family is very poor.
8. Li Hua is a humorous,warm-hearted and active boy.
9. We all think highly of him.
提示:第8、9句是評(píng)價(jià),應(yīng)位于文章末尾,對(duì)寫作要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行適當(dāng)調(diào)整。將此兩句合并可用so/such...that...結(jié)果狀語從句將其合并,如:Li Hua is such a humorous,warm-hearted and active boy that we all think highly of him.當(dāng)然也可以用其他句型如倒裝句和并列句使句子靈活多變。如:such is Li Hua,a humorous,warm-hearted and actjve boy and we all think highly of him.
第九步寫作練習(xí)
完成第八步以后,教師請(qǐng)學(xué)生將文章順理成章,并將其列為家庭作業(yè)。此步驟可以鞏固寫作技巧,并作為在一堂課進(jìn)行點(diǎn)評(píng)分析寫作訓(xùn)練效果的依據(jù)。
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