老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者系統化健康教育干預效果分析

[摘要] 目的 探討系統化健康教育對老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者知信行(KAP)水平和生活質量的影響。方法 將200例老年COPD患者隨機分為觀察組和對照組各100例。對照組接受一般性健康宣教，觀察組接受為期1年的系統化健康教育干預。比較兩組干預前后的AKP水平和生活質量評分。結果 干預后觀察組的KAP評分明顯高于對照組，且明顯高于干預前，差異有統計學意義(P<0.05或<0.01)。干預后觀察組的生活質量各維度評分明顯高于對照組，且明顯高于干預前，差異有統計學意義(P<0.01)。結論 系統性健康教育干預有助于提高老年COPD患者的知信行水平和生活質量。

[關鍵詞] 阻塞性肺疾病;健康教育;知識、態度、行為;生活質量

[中圖分類號] R56 [文獻標識碼] A [文章編號] 1673-9701(2010)04-121-03

Efficacy of Systematic Health Education in Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Aged People

NI XinCAO Fengjiao

Department of Respiratory of Yiyang City Central Hospital in Hunan Province，Yiyang 413000，China

[Abstract] Objective To examine the impact of systematic health education on knowledge -attitude-practice(KAP) level and quality of life in the elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Methods A total of 200 COPD patients were randomly divided into the two groups with 100 each The control group was treated with ordinary health education，and the observational group received the systematic health education for 1 year. The KAP level and scores of quality of life were compared between both two groups. Results The scores of KAP and quality of life were considerably higher in the observational group than in the control group after intervention， and markedly higher after intervention than before intervention，showing significant differences， all(P<0.05 or <0.01). Conclusion Systematic health education can aid in increasing the KAP level and quality of life in the elderly COPD patients.

[Key words] Obstructive pulmonary disease;Health education;Knowledge-attitude-practice;Quality of life

慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)是老年人常見病、多發病之一。隨著社會的老齡化以及環境污染的加劇，它已成為繼心腦血管疾病、癌癥之后的老年致死病因，嚴重威脅著老年人的身體健康、生活質量和生命質量。COPD患者不僅在疾病病因、不合理治療的不良結局和急性加重期自我管理等方面知識貧乏[1]，而且在疾病的信念和行為方面還存在諸多不足[2]。知信行(KAP)理論認為只有建立積極正確的信念和態度，才能改變其行為。健康教育是一門通過改變行為來促進健康的科學，投入少、產出高、效益大，其重要性已在國內外引起廣泛關注。本研究對100例老年COPD患者實施系統化的健康教育干預，旨在探討系統化健康教育對老年COPD患者KAP水平和生活質量的影響，以期探索一種行之有效的COPD患者健康教育模式，提高患者和家屬對該疾病的認識和應對能力，改變不健康行為和采納健康行為，提高患者的生活質量。……