[中圖分類號]R782.2[文獻標志碼]A [doi]10.7518/gjkq.2025079
[摘要]目的分析唇腭裂患者語音治療的效果及其影響因素,以提高語音治療效果。方法回顧性分析2015年1月至2021年8月在廣西醫科大學附屬口腔醫院完成唇腭裂語音治療的107名患者的病例資料,采用二元Logistic回歸模型分析治療結果及治療效果的影響因素。結果語音初始清晰度對治療效果的影響有統計學意義 (χ2= 58.142, Plt;0.001 ),初始語音清晰度差的患者,達到治療效果的概率是初始語音清晰度欠佳患者的0.010倍(比值比為0.010, 95% 置信區間為 0.001~0.100 )。完成治療的治療次數,顯效組為( 11.38±3.66 )次,好轉組為1 6.45±2.92 )次,治療顯效組高于好轉組( t=6.684 , Plt;0.001 )。語音清晰度( t=18.224 , P=0.000 )、聘咽閉合程度0 t=12.925 , P=0.000 )在語音治療前后都有明顯變化,差異有統計學意義。結論影響語音治療效果的因素是語音初始清晰度,唇腭裂的語音治療在改善語音清晰度和提高腭咽功能方面有明顯作用,合理的治療次數是治療效果的前提保證。
Effectivenessofcleftlipandpalate speech therapyand related factors
WangXiaomeng,KuangHai,HeHaoyu,LiHongyi,LinJieling,LiFeiyan
Dept.ofOralandaxilofacialSurgeryColegeamp;HospitaloftomatologyGuangxiedicalUniversityning 530021,China
Supported by:Youth ScientificResearch Fund ProjectofGuangxiMedicalUniversity(GXMUYSF202365)
Correspondence:KuangHai,Email:kuanghai@hotmail.com
[Abstract]ObjectiveTo investigate and analyze theefectivenessand factorsof speech therapy forcleft lipand palateand thus improve treatment outcomes.MethodsAretrospectiveanalysis was conductedon thecasedataof107patientswhounderwentspeech therapyforcleftlipandpalateattheAfiliated StomatologyHospitalofGuangxiMedical University fromJanuary2015toAugust2021.Abinarylogisticregressionmodelwas used toanalyze thetreatmentoutcomes and influencing factors of treatment effectivenes.ResultsAstatisticallysignificant difference in treatmentoutcomes exists because of initial speech clarity (χ2=58.142 Plt;0.001 ).Theresults of influencing factors indicate thatthe treatmenteffectforthosewith poor initialspeech clarityisO.O10times thatofthosewithlessthansatisfactoryinitial speech clarity(odds ratio:0.010, 95% confidence interval: O.0o1-0.1oo).The number of treatment sessions completed was 11.38±3.66 for the markedly effective group and 6.45±2.92 for the improved group,with the markedly effective group havinga higher number of treatments( 1=6.684 Plt;0.001 ).Both speech clarity (t=18.224 P=0.000 )andvelopharyngeal function t=12.925 P=0.000 )showed significant changes beforeandafterspeech therapy,withstatistically significant differences.ConclusionThefactors thataffect theefectivenessof speechtherapy include initialclarityofspeech.Speechtherapyforcleftlipandpalatesignificantlyimproves speech clarity and enhances velopharyngeal function. Moreover,areasonable numberoftreatment sessionsis aprerequisite for ensuring treatment effectiveness.
[Keywords] cleft lipand palate;speech therapy;initial speech clarity;influencing factor
腭裂手術可以重建發音的基本結構,為正常的語音提供解剖學條件,但是發音器官結構的正常并不能代表語音功能也是正常的。研究表明:腭裂整復術后,依然有 20%~30% 的患者出現因腭咽閉合不全(velopharyngeal insufficiency,VPI)引起的高鼻音、鼻漏氣和口腔壓力不足等狀況,從而導致發生輔音省略、代償等一系列語音問題。即使手術后能夠達到腭咽閉合完全(velopharyngealcompetence,VPC),但是長期解剖結構不完整導致的異常發音位置和不良發音習慣,仍然會有 30%~50% 的患者存在不同程度的語音問題[45]。唇腭裂術后最有效的解決語音問題的辦法是進行系統的語音治療。……