[中圖分類號]Q257[文獻標志碼]A [doi]10.7518/gjkq.2025094
Yes-associatedproteinasa mechanotransduction effector molecule in theoccurrenceand development of nonneoplasticdiseasesinoral and othersystems
XueLili’,ChenShuai2,YanBing
1.Dept.oftotlogtherstAfadositalenUeisitynin;tate toryofOral Diseasesamp;National CenterforStomatologyamp;NationalClinical ResearchCenterforOral Diseasesamp;Dept. ofHeadandeckOncologyurgeryWestinaHospitaloftomatologyichanUiversityhengdu6a Supported by:Natural ScienceFoundationofFujianProvince(202lJ05288)
Correspondence:YanBing,Email:yanbing_west@163.com
[Abstract]Yes-asociated protein(YAP)isatranscriptionalcoactivatorthatregulates theexpressonoftargetgenes afterbinding withrelatedtranscription factors inthe nucleus through clasical Hippoornon-Hippopathways.Hence,itdirectly participates incell metabolismand maintains the dynamic balance of cellproliferationand apoptosis.Previous research on YAP mostly focused on neoplastic diseases.In recent years,increasing studies have been conducted on YAP as an extracellular mechanoreceptor in nonneoplastic diseases.This work reviews the molecular mechanism of YAP in nonneoplastic diseases (oraland other systemic diseases)to furtherunderstand itsroleand provide new ideas and strategies forfuture clinical treatment ofrelated diseases.
[Key words] Yes-associated protein; Hippo pathway;non-neoplastic diseases;molecular mechanism
Hippo信號通路最初是在果蠅中被發現的,主要參與調控果蠅發育、細胞生長、增殖及凋亡,其核心蛋白分子為Yki-2]。而Yes相關蛋白(Yes-associatedprotein,YAP)為Yki在哺乳類動物中的同源物,于1995年被發現,因其通過“PVKQPPPLAP”序列與Scr蛋白激酶家族中Yes蛋白的SH3區域結合而得名,其相對分子質量為 6.5×104~7.0×104[1.2] 。YAP是一種轉錄共激活因子,需要與細胞核內的轉錄增強關聯結構域(transcrip-tionalenhancedassociatedomain,TEAD)/非TEAD轉錄因子結合后才可調節靶基因的表達[3-4,并通過直接控制細胞周期進展和細胞存活基因的表達來調控細胞增殖。生物力學信號、可溶性配體、應激以及組織損傷與炎癥等上游激活因素,都可通過經典Hippo信號通路調節YAP的活性[4,引起哺乳動物不育系-20樣激酶(mammaliansterile20-likekinase,MST)1/2發生磷酸化激活,隨后引起Salvador家族色氨酸-色氨酸結構域包含蛋白質(Salvador family WW domain containing protein,SAV)1及MOB激酶激活因子1A和1B(MOBki-naseactivators1Aand1B,MOB1A/B)的磷酸化。磷酸化的SAV1與磷酸化的MST1/2形成復合體后,可招募大腫瘤抑制因子(largetumorsuppressor,LATS)1/2并使其磷酸化而激活,激活后的LATS1/2與此前被激活的MOB1A/B形成的蛋白聚合物可導致YAP發生磷酸化,并使其與14-3-3蛋白結合并被隔離在細胞質中,被酪蛋白激酶進一步磷酸化,并被SCF β -TRCPE3泛素連接酶復合物泛素化,最后被蛋白酶體降解,以此抑制其轉錄共激活活性[6-]。
此外,部分上游調節因素也可以直接引起LATS1/2磷酸化,繼而引發后續反應。當Hippo信號通路未激活時,未磷酸化的YAP會轉移到細胞核中,與TEAD轉錄因子結合,激活特定下游靶基因的表達,從而發揮YAP/基于PDZ結合基序的轉錄共激活子(transcriptionalcoactivatorwithPDZ-bindingmotif,TAZ)的促增殖和抗凋亡活性[2.]。由此可見,YAP可以正向或負向調節大量基因表達,在不同情況下發揮不同的作用。……