湖北新洲方言中[μ]音的來源問題研究

摘要：[μ]表示舌尖后圓唇元音，在漢語中主要分布于各地方言。根據漢語方言地圖集的舌尖元音部分，[μ]音廣泛存在于官話方言區，并集中分布在中原官話、江淮官話和少部分西南官話的方言片。新洲方言屬于江淮官話黃孝片，其聲韻系統的一大特點是存在一批以[μ]為韻頭或韻腹的韻母。[μ]音的來源與形成一直是漢語方言里的一個重要語音問題。由于各地方言的發展情況不同，不同方言可能有相異的發展路徑，無法一概而論。通過考證新洲方言中[μ]系字的分布，以及對應字在《廣韻》中古音的音韻地位，可以分析出新洲方言中[μ]音的來源情況，得出結論：新洲方言的[μ]音更可能來源于iugt; μ。

關鍵詞：新洲方言；[μ]音；《廣韻》；中古音；江淮官話；舌尖元音

中圖分類號：H172.4" " " " " " " " " " " "文獻標識碼：A" " " " " " " " " "文章編號：2096-4110（2025）05（b）-0030-05

A Study on the Origin of the [μ] Sound in the Xinzhou Dialect of Hubei Province

—Proven by the Ancient Phonology in Guangyun

HUANG Qinyi

（College of Humanities， Jianghan University， Wuhan Hubei， 430056， China）

Abstract： [μ] represents the rounded vowel at the tip of the tongue， which is mainly distributed in various dialects of Chinese. According to the tongue tip vowel section of the Chinese Dialect Atlas， the [μ] sound is widely present in the Mandarin dialect area and is concentrated in the dialects of Zhongyuan Mandarin， Jianghuai Mandarin， and a small number of Southwest Mandarin. The Xinzhou dialect belongs to the Huangxiao section of Jianghuai Mandarin， and a major feature of its phonological system is the existence of a group of vowels with [μ] as the beginning or end. The origin and formation of the [μ] sound has always been an important phonetic problem in Chinese dialects. Due to the different development of local dialects， different dialects may have different development paths， which cannot be generalized. By examining the distribution of [μ] - type characters in the Xinzhou dialect and the phonological status of corresponding characters in the ancient sounds of Guangyun（《廣韻》）， the origin of the [μ] sound in the Xinzhou dialect can be analyzed， leading to the conclusion that the [μ] sound in the Xinzhou dialect is more likely to originate from iugt;μ.

Key words： Xinzhou dialect; [μ] sound; Guangyun; Ancient Chinese phonology; Jianghuai Mandarin; Apical vowel

作者簡介：黃沁怡（2001-），女，湖北武漢人，碩士（研究生）在讀。研究方向：漢語言文字學。