【中圖分類號】G804.53 【文獻標識碼】A 【文章編號】2095-2813(2025)21-0009-06
Case Studyon Postoperative Rehabilitation of an Adolescent Diverwith Knee Osteoarthritis
FAN Jiahui1,2 QIN Xuelin3*
1.DepartmentofRehabilitationMedicine,izhouTirdPeople'sHospital,zhou,JangsuProvince,25oa;
2.Research Institute of Sports Science,Nanjing Sport Institute,Nanjing, Jiangsu Province,210o14 [Abstract] This paper reports acaseof postoperative rehabilitation management for a14-year-old male elite diver with knee joint osteochondritis dissecans (OCD).Asarare clinical caseofOCDin the trochlear area (reported in literature ? 1% ,there isalack of standardized guidelines for its rehabilitation pathway.The initial symptom ofthe patient is right knee joint strangulation with clicking sound,and theprogressionof thedisease is characterized by continuously worsening patellofemoral joint pain.Physical examination shows significant joint efusion and quadriceps atrophy.After 2 weeks ofconservative treatment,including training load adjustment and patelofemoral joint stabilitytraining, symptoms continued to progress Finally,diagnosis was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and arthroscopicsurgerywas performed.Basedonthe Iternational ClasificationofFunctioning,HealthandDisability(CF) framework,asystematicrehabilitation program consisting offour advanced stages isconstructed:acute protection phase (0~6 weeks),moderateloadphase (6~12weeks),high-intensityload phase (13~24weeks),andreturn tocompeiion phase (24 weeks+). Finaly,the specialized skilltraining was restored 24 weeks after surgery,and there were no signs
作者簡介:樊佳慧(1992一),女,碩士,康復治療師,研究方向為運動人體科學。
通信作者:秦學林(1977—),男,碩士,副研究員,研究方向為運動康復,E-mail:qxuelin@126.com。
of recurrence during 6-month follw-up.This case indicates that clinicians should attach great importance to the posibilityofOCDinthe diffrential diagnosisof persistentkneejoint dysfunction inadolescentathletes,providinga structured rehabilitation reference for similar rare cases.
[Keywords]Osteochondritisdissans;Kneejointtrochlea;Adolescentathletes;Sportshabilitation;Retutosports
剝脫性骨軟骨炎(Osteochondritisdissecans,OCD)是以骨軟骨復合體缺血性壞死,形成穩定或不穩定的碎片,最終進展為早期骨關節炎為特征的疾病[1-2]。該疾病最早由德國外科醫生FranzKonig于1887年報道[3]。其最初提出的炎癥假說雖已被現代病理學證偽(組織學未見炎性細胞浸潤),但“骨軟骨炎\"這一命名仍沿用至今。
膝關節是OCD最常見的病變部位,經典發病部位為股骨內側裸后外側,此區域被認為是血管分布的分水嶺,因而更易發生微循環障礙[4]。皖股關節OCD占膝關節OCD全部病例的 75% 以上,是該病最常見的類型?;嚋螼CD作為特殊類型,僅占膝關節OCD的0.6%[5] ,其發生與鑌股關節異常應力顯著相關[,危險因素還包括內分泌紊亂、遺傳及反復創傷等[6-8]。此類病變好發于骨未閉合的青少年運動員,10~19歲男性高發9],此類人群被定義為青少年型OCD(JuvenileOCD,JOCD)[10],尤以籃球、足球等需反復屈膝發力的項目為甚[11-12]。長期跳躍、急停動作導致的應力累積,可加速軟骨下骨微循環障礙進程[5]。
滑車溝JOCD因解剖位置特殊,常合并鑌骨軌跡異常,診斷延遲可能加重病灶失穩風險[11]。其臨床表現呈高度異質性,從無癥狀到關節腫脹、機械癥狀不等。其中,治療需綜合評估癥狀、骨骼成熟度以及病變大小、穩定性和解剖位置的影響,因此治療存在顯著差異。
基于軟骨下骨穩定性,CLANTONTO和DELEEJC將OCD分為4個階段[13],如表1所示,I~Ⅱ期病變穩定,Ⅱ~V期病變屬于不穩定?!?br>