哮喘與女性夜尿癥的相關性：2005—2018年NHANES數據分析

Correlation between asthma and nocturia in women：an analysis based on NHANES database from 2005 to 2018

YANG Chunxiao¹，YANG Linbo¹，LIU Ming²，WEN Yongan¹，LI Xudong³

（1.School of Medicine，Xizang Minzu University，Xianyang 712082;2.Department of Urology，Beijing Hospital，Beijing 100730;3.Department of Urology，The First Affiliated Hospital of Xian Jiaotong University，Xian 710061，China）

ABSTRACT：Objective To analyze the relationship between asthma and nocturia in women based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey （NHANES） database from 2005 to 2018，so as to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of female nocturia.Methods Female respondents aged ≥20 years with nocturia or asthma were selected from the 2005-2018 NHANES database.Those with both diabetes stroke and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome were excluded.A weighted analysis was conducted using a complex sampling design.The association between asthma and nocturia in women was evaluated with univariate analysis，propensity score matching （PSM），and multivariate logistic regression models.Results A total of 14 718 respondents were selected，of whom 1426 （9.7%） were diagnosed with asthma，and 4664 （31.7%） with nocturia.There is a significant correlation between asthma and nocturia （χ²=39.846，Plt;0.01）.Age，body mass index （BMI），smoking and race were also associated with nocturia （Plt;0.01）.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that，the age，BMI，smoking，race and asthma were correlated with the risk of nocturia，before PSM matching （Plt;0.05）.To eliminate confounding bias，PSM was applied，and generalized linear mixed model analysis after matching showed that the risk of nocturia remained high in asthma patients （OR=1.540，95%CI：1.320-1.800，Plt;0.01）.Conclusion Asthma is associated with nocturia in women，indicating that it may be an important risk factor for female nocturia.

KEY WORDS：asthma; women; nocturia; NHANES; logistic regression; complex sampling design

摘要：目的 基于2005—2018年美國國家健康與營養檢查調查（NHANES）數據庫分析哮喘與女性夜尿癥的關系，為女性夜尿癥的防治提供參考。方法 篩選2005—2018年NHANES數據庫中年齡≥20歲且患有夜尿癥或哮喘的女性受訪者，排除同時患有糖尿病、腦卒中及阻塞性睡眠呼吸及暫停綜合征的受訪者。采用復雜抽樣設計進行加權分析，通過單因素分析、傾向性評分匹配（PSM）及多因素邏輯回歸模型評估哮喘與女性夜尿癥的相關性。結果 本研究共篩選了14 718例受訪者，其中1426例（9.7%）被診斷為哮喘，4664例（31.7%）被診斷為夜尿癥。單因素分析顯示，哮喘與夜尿癥間存在相關性（χ²=39.846，Plt;0.01），年齡、身體質量指數（BMI）、吸煙及種族與夜尿癥間也存在相關性（Plt;0.01）。多因素邏輯回歸分析顯示，PSM匹配前年齡、BMI、吸煙、種族及哮喘與夜尿癥的發生風險有相關性（Plt;0.05）。為消除混雜偏倚，通過PSM匹配后廣義線性混合模型分析顯示，哮喘患者發生夜尿癥的風險依然較高（OR=1.540，95%CI：1.320～1.800，Plt;0.01）。結論 哮喘與女性夜尿癥具有相關性，可能是女性夜尿癥的重要風險因素。

關鍵詞：哮喘；女性；夜尿癥；美國國家健康與營養檢查調查；邏輯回歸；復雜抽樣設計

中圖分類號：R691.9 文獻標志碼：ADOI：10.3969/j.issn.1009-8291.2025.02.005

收稿日期：2024-08-19 修回日期：2024-10-24

基金項目：國家自然科學基金重點項目（No.2022YFC3602900）

通信作者：李旭東，主任醫師，教授。E-mail：coolinsnow@163.com

作者簡介：楊春曉，碩士研究生在讀。研究方向：女性尿控及盆底神經。E-mail：2539151565@qq.com

夜尿癥是指患者每晚入睡后因排尿起床2次或更多^［1-2］，可由多種疾病引起，如阻塞性睡眠呼吸暫停綜合征（obstructive sleep apnea syndrome，OSA）、糖尿病、良性前列腺增生及尿崩癥等^［3］。……