

A new carrier of targeted drugs for bladder cancer:metal nanoparticles
YU Xiao1,XU Shenghan2,3,CHEN Bo1,WANG Qiang1
(1.Department of Urology,The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang 550004;2.Department of Urology,Liupanshui Peoples Hospital,Liupanshui 553000; 3.Department of Urology,The Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine,Changchun 130021,China)
ABSTRACT:The current clinical treatment of bladder cancer (BCa) is mainly surgical treatment,supplemented by postoperative chemotherapy and immunotherapy.However,due to the lack of specificity,targeting and other reasons,the therapeutic effect is not satisfactory.In recent years,it has been found that metal nanoparticles (MNPs) prepared by gold,silver,and so on,as bladder infusion drugs or drug carriers,can not only accurately target BCa cells,but also have high stability and drug release rate,thereby reducing the side-effects of chemotherapy drugs.Based on domestic and foreign studies,this paper reviews the progress of MNPs in the treatment of BCa,including gold,silver,copper and other MNPs,and prospects the trend of bladder perfusion combined with nanomedical drugs.
KEY WORDS:bladder cancer;targeted therapy;nanoparticles;metal nanoparticles;photodynamics therapy;immunotherapy
摘要:膀胱癌(BCa)目前臨床上的治療以手術為主,并輔以術后化療、免疫治療等。然而由于缺乏特異性、靶向性等原因,治療效果不理想。近年研究發現使用金、銀等制備的金屬納米粒子(MNPs)作為膀胱灌注藥物或作為藥物載體時不僅能夠精確靶向到BCa細胞,具有較高的穩定性和藥物釋放率,還能降低化療藥物的不良反應發生率。本文結合國內外研究綜述了近年MNPs在BCa治療中的研究進展,簡要總結金納米粒子、銀納米粒子、銅納米粒子等類型的MNPs在BCa治療中的應用,并對膀胱灌注結合納米藥物的發展趨勢做出展望。
關鍵詞:膀胱癌;靶向治療;納米粒子;金屬納米粒子;光動力治療;免疫治療
中圖分類號:R737.14
文獻標志碼:ADOI:10.3969/j.issn.1009-8291.2025.02.016
收稿日期:2024-06-12
修回日期:2024-07-26
通信作者:王強,主任醫師。E-mail:gymnwq@163.com
作者簡介:余瀟,碩士研究生,住院醫師。研究方向:泌尿男科學。
E-mail:1009592962@qq.com
膀胱癌(bladder cancer,BCa)是泌尿系統常見的腫瘤,在世界腫瘤發病率中排名第9位,2022年中國約有92 900例BCa新發病例,占全國腫瘤新發人數的第11位[1]。BCa分為肌層浸潤性膀胱癌(muscle-invasive bladder cancer,MIBC)、非肌層浸潤性膀胱癌(non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer,NMIBC)和轉移癌。根據BCa分期及類型不同,臨床采取不同的治療方式。經尿道膀胱腫瘤切除術是NMIBC的主要治療方式,術后為了防止腫瘤復發及轉移會予以藥物膀胱內灌注治療[2]。由于膀胱內充滿尿液以及自身的特性和屏障作用,藥物療效往往不佳,腫瘤復發風險較高。化療藥物在殺傷腫瘤細胞的同時,也會對人體正常細胞產生毒性和不良反應,同時化療還可能誘導多重耐藥[3]。……