摘 要:重大涉水工程作為一類(lèi)復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)工程,具有科技創(chuàng)新的現(xiàn)實(shí)需求和動(dòng)力。通過(guò)分析國(guó)內(nèi)外重大工程科技創(chuàng)新及實(shí)際案例,指出當(dāng)前重大涉水工程科技創(chuàng)新組織實(shí)施過(guò)程中存在碎片化現(xiàn)象,梳理了重大涉水工程科技創(chuàng)新典型組織模式及特點(diǎn)和問(wèn)題;基于有組織科研理念,借鑒工程總承包模式的組織優(yōu)點(diǎn),提出重大涉水工程科技創(chuàng)新一體化組織新模式構(gòu)想及其3種類(lèi)型。這3種科技創(chuàng)新一體化模式運(yùn)行的效果與效率受到多種因素的影響與制約,建議在實(shí)施過(guò)程中合理確定科技創(chuàng)新任務(wù)范圍,優(yōu)化科技創(chuàng)新總包商選擇機(jī)制,合理編制科技創(chuàng)新一體化合同,充分利用信息化技術(shù)進(jìn)行科技創(chuàng)新一體化項(xiàng)目管理。
關(guān)鍵詞:科技創(chuàng)新;重大涉水工程;一體化組織模式
中圖分類(lèi)號(hào):C93 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1379.2025.02.022
引用格式:丁繼勇,牛超群,呂汶汛.重大涉水工程科技創(chuàng)新一體化組織模式研究[J].人民黃河,2025,47(2):142-149.
基金項(xiàng)目:國(guó)家社會(huì)科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(19FJYB004);安徽省自然科學(xué)基金“水科學(xué)”聯(lián)合基金資助項(xiàng)目(2208085US19);重慶市建設(shè)科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(城科字2023第7-12號(hào));湖南省科學(xué)技術(shù)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(kykt30-2023)
ResearchontheIntegratedOrganizationModelofScienceand TechnologyInnovationforMajorWater?RelatedProjects
DINGJiyong1,NIUChaoqun1,LYUWenxun2
(1.BusinessSchoolofHohaiUniversity,Nanjing211100,China;2.ChinaConstruction SecondEngineeringBureauCo.,Ltd.,SouthwestBranch,Chongqing400023,China)
Abstract:Asakindofcomplexsystemengineering,majorwater?relatedprojectshavetherealdemandandmotivationofscientificandtech? nologicalinnovation.Throughanalyzingtherelatedresearchandactualcasesofmajorprojectsinnovationathomeandabroad,thepaper pointedoutthefragmentationphenomenoninthecurrentorganizationandimplementationofscienceandtechnologyinnovationofmajorwater? relatedprojects,andsortedoutthetypicalorganizationmodelsofscienceandtechnologyinnovationofmajorwater?relatedprojectsandtheir characteristicsandproblems.Basedontheconceptoforganizedscientificresearchanddrawingontheorganizationaladvantagesofthegeneral contractingmodel,theconceptofanewintegratedmodelofscienceandtechnologyinnovationofmajorwater?relatedprojectsandthreetypes ofsuchmodelwereproposed.Theeffectivenessandefficiencyofthesethreeintegratedscienceandtechnologyinnovationmodelsareaffected andrestrictedbymanyfactors.Duringtheimplementationprocess,itisrecommendedtoreasonablydeterminethescopeofscienceandtech? nologyinnovationtasks,optimizetheselectionmechanismforscienceandtechnologyinnovationgeneralcontractors,reasonablypreparesci? enceandtechnologyinnovationintegratedcontracts,andmakefulluseofinformationtechnologyforscienceandtechnologyinnovationinte? gratedprojectmanagement.
Keywords:scienceandtechnologyinnovation;majorwater?relatedprojects;integratedorganizationmodel
0 引言
重大涉水工程具有顯著的獨(dú)特性,為投資規(guī)模巨大、項(xiàng)目周期長(zhǎng)、涉及多個(gè)利益相關(guān)者,對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)、環(huán)境和社會(huì)產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)影響的大型公共工程,如三峽水電站(1994年開(kāi)工)、南水北調(diào)工程(2002年開(kāi)工)、港珠澳大橋(2009年開(kāi)工)等[1-2]。重大涉水工程總投資通常大于50億元,或總投資大于10億元且技術(shù)等明顯復(fù)雜、具有重大戰(zhàn)略意義和社會(huì)影響[3]。……