摘 要:水少沙多、水沙關系不協調是黃河復雜難治的癥結所在。為探索泥沙資源利用新模式,以黃河泥沙為主要原料制備高強蒸壓磚樣品并測試其性能,采用XRD、SEM等手段分析蒸壓磚物相及微觀形貌,研究蒸壓工藝、原料與摻和料配比對蒸壓磚性能的影響。結果表明:隨著蒸壓溫度升高、蒸壓時間增加,不同配比的蒸壓磚抗壓強度均逐漸提高;黃河泥沙、生石灰、礦渣摻量分別為54%、16%、20%,蒸壓溫度為180℃,蒸壓時間為8h時,制備的蒸壓磚抗壓強度高達38.76MPa;摻合料對蒸壓磚性能影響的大小排序為礦渣>生石灰>粉煤灰;C-S-H、硬硅鈣石、托勃莫來石等水化產物是賦予蒸壓磚強度的主要物質。所制備的高強蒸壓磚適用于各類民用、公用建筑物的內外墻及房屋的基礎建設。
關鍵詞:黃河泥沙;蒸壓磚;抗壓強度;水化產物;蒸壓工藝
中圖分類號:TV41;TV882.1 文獻標志碼:A doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1379.2025.02.021
引用格式:李昆鵬,王振凡,陳琛,等.黃河泥沙制備高強蒸壓磚及其性能研究[J].人民黃河,2025,47(2):137-141.
基金項目:黃委優秀青年人才科技項目(HQK-202310);水利部重大科技項目(SKS-2022088);水利部水利技術示范項目(SF-202204);河南省重大科技專項(231100320100)
PreparationandPerformancesStudyofHighStrengthAutoclavedBricks fromtheYellowRiverSediment
LIKunpeng1,2,WANGZhenfan3,CHENChen1,2,SHIHuawei1,2,LIZhen3
(1.YellowRiverInstituteofHydraulicResearch,Zhengzhou450003,China;2.HenanProvincialEngineeringResearchCenter ofReservoir?LakeFunctionRestoringandMaintaining,Zhengzhou450003,China;3.YellowRiverWaterConservancy andHydropowerDevelopmentGroupCo.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou450003,China)
Abstract:Lesswaterandmoresedimentandtheuncoordinatedrelationshipbetweenwaterandsedimentarethecruxofthecomplicatedand difficultYellowRivertocontrol.Inordertoexploreanewmodeofutilizingsedimentresources,highstrengthautoclavedbricksampleswere preparedbyusingtheYellowRiversedimentasthemainrawmaterialandtheirpropertiesweretested.BasedonXRD,SEMandotheranalyt? icalcharacterization,thephaseandmicrostructureofautoclavedbrickswereanalyzed.Theeffectsofproportionofmixture,autoclavetime andtemperatureonthepropertiesofautoclavedbrickswereinvestigated.Theresultsshowthatasthesteampressingtemperatureandtimein? crease,thecompressivestrengthofsteampressedbrickswithdifferentratiosgraduallyincreases.WhenthecontentoftheYellowRiversedi? ment,quicklimeandslagis54%,16%and20%respectively,theautoclavingtemperatureis180℃andtheautoclavingtimeis8h,the mechanicalstrengthofautoclavedbrickreachesup38.76MPa.Theorderoftheinfluenceofadmixtureontheperformanceofautoclavedbrick isslag>quicklime>flyash.ThehydrationproductssuchasC?S?H,xonotliteandtobermolitearethemainsubstancesthatgivestrengthto autoclavedbricks.HighStrengthAutoclavedBrickfromtheYellowRiversedimentissuitablefortheinteriorandexteriorwallsofvariousciv? il,publicbuildingsandthefoundationofhouses.
Keywords:YellowRiversediment;autoclavedbrick;compressivestrength;hydrationproduct;steampressureprocess
水少沙多、水沙關系不協調是黃河復雜難治的癥結所在,深入研究泥沙資源綜合利用技術和模式,對實現黃河長治久安具有重要意義。《黃河流域生態保護和高質量發展規劃綱要》提出“創新泥沙綜合處理技術,探索泥沙資源利用新模式”要求,《中華人民共和國黃河保護法》明確“國家鼓勵、支持開展黃河流域泥沙綜合利用等重大科技問題研究,推廣應用先進適用技術”。……