摘 要:地下水位升高會(huì)對(duì)周邊環(huán)境、工程建設(shè)等產(chǎn)生不同程度的影響。以濟(jì)南市龍洞片區(qū)某工程為例,通過水文地質(zhì)鉆探、地球物理勘探、示蹤試驗(yàn)、地表水測流以及水化學(xué)分析等方法探究工程區(qū)地下水位升高的原因,并提出了合理、有效的水位控制措施。南部山體淺層巖溶水側(cè)向徑流和大辛河河水是工程區(qū)地下水重要的補(bǔ)給源,且大辛河是主要補(bǔ)給源;在地下水補(bǔ)給量增大的同時(shí),工程建設(shè)破壞了原本地下水徑流通道,工程地下結(jié)構(gòu)阻擋了地下水流動(dòng),最終導(dǎo)致地下水位升高。實(shí)施地下水位控制的雨水溝改造方案后,工程區(qū)地下水水位升高速率從2.4m/h降至0.1m/h,有效控制了地下水位的升高。
關(guān)鍵詞:地下水位升高;巖溶裂隙;示蹤試驗(yàn);水化學(xué)特征
中圖分類號(hào):P641.11;P641.72;P641.73 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1379.2025.02.017
引用格式:張春輝,李常鎖,衛(wèi)如春,等.濟(jì)南龍洞片區(qū)某工程區(qū)地下水位升高原因及控制措施[J].人民黃河,2025,47(2):113-118,149.
基金項(xiàng)目:國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(42272288);國家自然科學(xué)基金青年基金資助項(xiàng)目(42302281,42202294);山東省自然科學(xué)基金青年基金資助項(xiàng)目(ZR2021QD084)
StudyontheCausesandMitigationMeasuresofGroundwaterLevelRise inaProjectinLongdongArea,Jinan
ZAHNGChunhui1,2,LIChangsuo1,2,WEIRuchun3,WUXiancang3,SUQingwei1,2,GENGFuqiang1,2,XINGLiting3,GAOShuai1,2
(1.ShandongProvincialGeo?MineralEngineeringExplorationInstitute(801HydrogeologicalandGeo?EngineeringTeam,Shandong ProvincialBureauofGeologyMineralResources),Jinan250014,China;2.ShandongEngineeringResearchCenterfor EnvironmentalProtectionandRemediationonGroundwater,Jinan250014,China;3.SchoolofWaterConservancyandEnvironment,UniversityofJinan,Jinan250022,China)
Abstract:Theriseofgroundwaterlevelwillhavedifferentdegreesofimpactonthesurroundingenvironmentandengineeringconstruction. TakingaprojectinLongdongareaofJinanCityasanexample,thispaperexploredthereasonsforthegroundwaterlevelriseintheproject sitethroughhydrogeologicaldrilling,geophysicalexploration,tracertest,surfacewaterdischargemeasurementandhydrochemicalanalysis,andproposedreasonableandeffectivemeasurestocontrolthegroundwaterlevel.Theshallowkarstwaterofsouthernmountainandthewater ofDaxinRiveraretheimportantrechargesourcesofgroundwaterintheprojectsite,andtheDaxinRiveristhemainrechargesource.While therechargevolumeofgroundwaterincreases,theprojectconstructiondestroystheoriginalgroundwaterflowchannels,andtheunderground structureblocksthegroundwaterflow,ultimatelyleadingtotheriseofgroundwaterlevel.Theincreaserateofgroundwaterlevelintheproject areaisdecreasedfrom2.4m/hto0.1m/hafterimplementingtherainwaterditchrenovationplanforgroundwaterlevelcontrol,whicheffec? tivelycontrolstheriseofgroundwaterlevel.
Keywords:groundwaterlevelrising;karstfissure;tracertest;hydrochemicalcharacteristics
0 引言
地下水位升高會(huì)對(duì)周邊環(huán)境、工程建設(shè)等產(chǎn)生不同程度的影響,如工程受水頭壓力影響而產(chǎn)生結(jié)構(gòu)開裂、地庫涌水或突水,地表沼澤化,斜坡變形等[1-3]。魯中低山丘陵區(qū)是我國北方主要裸露型巖溶水地區(qū),巖溶地下水位埋藏深[4],但近幾年濟(jì)南[5-7]、淄博[8]等地出現(xiàn)了地下水位升高現(xiàn)象。學(xué)者普遍認(rèn)為氣候變化[9-11]和人類活動(dòng)[12-17](包括采礦活動(dòng)、生態(tài)補(bǔ)水、井點(diǎn)降水、人工回灌、地下水徑流通道被破壞以及調(diào)水工程等)會(huì)導(dǎo)致地下水位升高?!?br>