摘 要:以山東省黃河流域為研究對象,提出6項指標,采用AHP-TOPSIS法對2025年沿黃9個地級市進行行業水權分配,并結合定額法分析2025年各地級市的水資源承載閾值,對現狀承載狀態進行分析。結果表明:1)沿黃9個地級市農業、工業、生活、生態行業水權分別為98.28億、25.15億、27.52億、14.77億m3,各行業用水量較現狀年(2022年)分別提升10.1%、20.5%、27.5%、13.5%。2)9個地級市人口規模承載閾值為4519.55萬~5956.20萬人,其中濟南承載閾值上限最大;工業增加值閾值為16540.37億~19353.23億元,整體提升15%~35%;灌溉耕地面積承載閾值為228.55萬~379.54萬hm2,只有菏澤、東營超出閾值上限;城鎮建設用地閾值為38.42萬~62.55萬hm2,現狀年濱州超出閾值上限,淄博接近上限,整體有較大承載空間。3)2022年9個地級市中人口規模、灌溉耕地面積承載能力魯西南地區最弱;工業增加值較現狀年均呈現不同幅度的上升,均處于可承載狀態;城鎮建設用地承載能力魯西南地區最強,濱州、淄博承載能力較弱。
關鍵詞:行業水權分配;“四水四定”;水資源承載力;山東省沿黃區域
中圖分類號:TV213.4;TV882.1 文獻標志碼:A doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1379.2025.02.013
引用格式:仕玉治,趙立杰,李福林,等.基于行業水權分配的山東省沿黃區域水資源承載閾值探討[J].人民黃河,2025,47(2):87-94.
基金項目:山東省重點研發計劃項目(2023CXGC010905);山東省水利科學研究院科研計劃項目(SDSKYZX202121-3)
DiscussiononWaterResourcesCarryingThresholdAlongtheYellowRiver inShandongProvinceBasedonIndustrialWaterRightsAllocation
SHIYuzhi1,2,ZHAOLijie1,3,LIFulin1,2,HUANGJiwen1,2,WANGRui1,2,LIULili1,2,LIMingyang1,2
(1.WaterResourcesResearchInstituteofShandongProvince,Jinan250013,China;2.KeyLaboratoryofWaterResourcesandEnvironmentofShandongProvince,Jinan250013,China;3.CollegeofWaterConservancyandEnvironment,UniversityofJinan,Jinan250022,China)
Abstract:TakingtheYellowRiverBasininShandongProvinceastheresearchobject,sixcategoriesofindicatorswereproposed,andthe AHP-TOPSISmethodwasusedtoallocatethewaterrightsoftheninecitiesalongtheYellowRiverBasininShandongProvincein2025.On thisbasis,thequotamethodwasusedtoanalyzethewaterresourcescarryingthresholdofeachcityin2025,andthecurrentcarryingstate wasanalyzed.Theresultsshowsthata)thewateruserightsofagriculture,industry,livingandecologicalindustriesin9citiesalongthe YellowRiverare9.828billionm3,2.515billionm3,2.752billionm3and1.477billionm3,respectively.b)Thecarryingthresholdofpopu? lationsizein9citiesis45.1955-59.5620million,amongwhichJinanhasthelargestupperlimitofcarryingthreshold.Thethresholdofin? dustrialaddedvalueis1654.037-1935.323billionyuan,withanoverallincreaseof15%-35%;thecarryingthresholdofirrigatedculti? vatedlandareais2.2855-3.7954millionhectares,andonlyHezeandDongyingexceedtheupperlimitofthethreshold.Thethresholdof urbanconstructionlandis384.2-625.5thousandhectares.ThecurrentvalueofBinzhouexceedstheupperlimitofthethreshold,andZibois closetotheupperlimit.c)Thepopulationsizeandirrigatedcultivatedlandareacarryingstatusof9citiesaretheweakestinthesouthwestof ShandongProvince.Comparedwiththecurrentsituation,theindustrialaddedvaluehasincreasedbydifferentdegrees,allofwhichareina loadablestate.ThecarryingcapacityofurbanconstructionlandinsouthwestShandongisthebest,andthecarryingcapacityofBinzhouand Ziboistheworst.
Keywords:industrywaterrightsallocation;basingfouraspectsonwaterresources;waterresourcescarryingcapacity;YellowRiverregion ofShandongProvince
0 引言
推進水資源節約集約利用是實現經濟社會高質量發展的重要抓手[1]。以水資源為剛性約束,依托行業水權確定水資源承載閾值,對于區域高質量發展有重要意義。關于水資源承載力的研究成果有很多,例如:Sawunyama等[2]引入遙感技術與GIS,以水庫的調蓄能力為承載進行評估;……