農村電商供應鏈韌性影響因素及組態效應研究

摘 要：農村電商的迅猛增長助推了農村經濟改革與鄉村振興，為適應不斷變化的市場和緩解風險影響，提升供應鏈韌性對確保農村電商持續發展和農業現代化至關重要。文章旨在構建一個集單一視角和多元組態于一體的模型，運用結構方程模型與模糊集定性比較分析實證研究農村電商供應鏈韌性的影響因素及其效應。研究發現靈活能力、重構能力、協同能力和信息能力為內部要素與社會環境、自然環境、基建和科技水平外部要素均對供應鏈韌性提升有著顯著影響。進一步的組態分析識別了三種提高供應鏈韌性的模式，為企業管理者提供了具體的策略啟示。研究強調農村電商供應鏈韌性的提升需綜合考慮企業內部組織能力和外部環境要素，以增強對市場波動的快速響應能力。

關鍵詞：供應鏈韌性；農村電商；組態效應

中圖分類號：F713.36 文獻標志碼：A DOI：10.13714/j.cnki.1002-3100.2024.14.027

文章編號：1002-3100（2024）14-0135-08

Study on the Influencing Factors and Configuration Effect of Rural E-Commerce Supply Chain Resilience

（1.School of Management， Fujian University of Technology， Fuzhou 350118， China; 2. Fujian Province Technology and Economy Integration Service Platform for Digital Urban Rural Integration Development， Fuzhou 350118， China）

Abstract： The rapid growth of rural e-commerce has catalyzed the reform of the rural economy and village revitalization. To adapt to the constantly changing market and mitigate the impact of risks， enhancing supply chain resilience is crucial for ensuring the sustainable development of rural e-commerce and the modernization of agriculture. This study aims to construct an integrated model that combines a singular perspective with multiple configurations， and employs structural equation modeling and fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis to empirically examine the factors influencing rural e-commerce supply chain resilience and their effects. The research identifies that internal elements such as flexibility， reconfiguration， collaboration， and information capabilities， along with external elements like social environment， natural environment， infrastructure， and technological level all significantly impact supply chain resilience. Further configuration analysis has recognized three patterns of improving supply chain resilience， offering specific strategic insights for business managers. The study emphasizes that the enhancement of supply chain resilience in rural e-commerce requires a comprehensive consideration of both internal organizational capabilities and external environmental factors to strengthen the rapid response to market fluctuations.

Key words： supply chain resilience; rural e-commerce; configuration effect

0 引 言

在經濟全球化和信息技術飛速發展的今天，電子商務以其創新模式在全球范圍呈現出指數級增長，尤其在農村，電商不僅重塑了商業結構，還對實現鄉村振興起到了至關重要的作用。隨著互聯網和數字技術的普及，電商平臺已成為農產品生產者與消費者的紐帶，有效提升了市場連通性和效率，助力農民增收和脫貧。但是，農村電商供應鏈系統對各種風險和不確定性的敏感性逐漸顯露，比如自然災害、市場動蕩、物流斷裂等都有可能擾亂供應鏈的正常運作，影響電商生態的健康穩定。……