基于復雜網絡理論的地鐵網絡魯棒性研究

摘 要：地鐵網絡作為現代城市交通的重要組成部分，其運行的可靠性和穩定性對于城市的正常運轉至關重要。然而，地鐵網絡可能面臨各種干擾和故障，如設備故障、自然災害、人為破壞等，可能導致線路中斷、列車延誤和乘客服務中斷。因此，研究地鐵網絡的魯棒性，即系統在面對這些干擾時的恢復能力，對于提高地鐵網絡的可靠性和抗干擾性具有重要意義。文章基于復雜網絡理論，綜合考慮地鐵網絡的拓撲結構、節點重要性和客流分布等因素，對地鐵網絡的魯棒性進行定量分析。研究采用Space-L方法對杭州市地鐵網絡拓撲結構特性進行分析，并分析了網絡的度、介數、聚類系數和最短路徑長度等網絡特性指標。針對魯棒性分析，文章采用了隨機攻擊和蓄意攻擊的9種不同攻擊策略，并對杭州市地鐵網絡進行實例分析。研究結果表明，關鍵指標的變化對地鐵網絡的魯棒性產生顯著影響。通過分析不同攻擊策略下的網絡性能指標，可以揭示系統中的脆弱節點和脆弱路徑。這些分析結果對于提高杭州市地鐵網絡的魯棒性，增強其對干擾和攻擊的抵抗能力具有重要意義。

關鍵詞：Space-L方法；復雜網絡；魯棒性；聚類系數；介數

中圖分類號：F532；U231 文獻標志碼：A DOI：10.13714/j.cnki.1002-3100.2024.14.012

文章編號：1002-3100（2024）14-0059-05

Robustness Analysis of Subway Network Based on Complex Network Theory

SHI Baiying，CHENG Yuan，DING Dongyue，YANG Yulei，CUI Bowei

（Department of Transportation Engineering， Shandong Jianzhu University， Jinan 250101， China）

Abstract： As an important part of modern urban transportation， the reliability and stability of the metro network is crucial for the normal functioning of the city. However， metro networks may face a variety of disturbances and failures， such as equipment failures， natural disasters， and human damages， which may lead to line interruptions， train delays， and disruptions in passenger services. Therefore， it is important to study the robustness of metro networks， i.e. the ability of the system to recover in the face of these disturbances， to improve the reliability and anti-interference of metro networks. The paper quantitatively analyzes the robustness of the subway network based on complex network theory， taking into account the topology of the subway network， the importance of the nodes， and the distribution of passenger flow. This study uses the Space-L method to construct a passenger flow-weighted North Hangzhou metro network model， and analyzes the network characteristic indexes such as the degree， median， clustering coefficient， and shortest path length of the network. For robustness analysis， the article adopts nine different attack strategies of random attack and deliberate attack， and takes a case study of Hangzhou metro network . The results of the study show that the changes of the key indicators have a significant impact on the robustness of the subway network. By analyzing the network performance metrics under different attack strategies， vulnerable nodes and vulnerable paths in the system can be revealed. These analysis results are important for improving the robustness of Hangzhou metro network and enhancing its resistance to interference and attacks.

Key words： Space-L method; complex networks; robustness; clustering coefficient; median

0 引 言

地鐵網絡作為城市交通系統的核心組成部分，其可靠性和穩定性對于城市居民的出行和城市的正常運轉至關重要。然而，地鐵網絡面臨著各種干擾和故障的挑戰，如設備故障、自然災害、人為破壞等，這些干擾可能導致線路中斷、列車延誤和乘客服務中斷。……