多車場多車型冷鏈物流時變綠色車輛路徑優化

摘" 要：為降低運輸成本，減少環境污染，提出一種考慮速度時變的多車場多車型綠色車輛路徑優化方法。針對城市交通擁堵路況常發的現狀，引入百度智慧交通網預測的擁堵指數反映實時路況，兼顧經濟成本和環境成本，構建以總運輸成本最小為優化目標的時變綠色車輛路徑模型。根據模型特點改進遺傳算法，并運用大中小3種規模的算例對其進行仿真實驗，驗證了模型和算法可以有效地降低物流配送成本，促進配送車輛節能減排，為生鮮電商冷鏈物流配送決策提供車輛運輸路徑方案。

" 關鍵詞：城市交通；多車場多車型；改進遺傳算法；冷鏈物流；時變綠色車輛路徑優化

" 中圖分類號：F570" " 文獻標志碼：A" " DOI：10.13714/j.cnki.1002-3100.2024.15.035

Abstract： To reduce the transportation cost and environmental pollution， an optimization method of multi-parking and multi-vehicle green vehicle routing considering the time-varying speed is proposed. In view of the frequent occurrence of urban traffic congestion， the congestion index predicted by Baidu Intelligent Transportation Network is introduced to reflect the real-time traffic conditions， taking into account the economic cost and environmental cost， and a time-varying green vehicle path model with the optimization goal of minimizing the total transportation cost is constructed. According to the characteristics of the model， the genetic algorithm is improved， and the simulation experiments are carried out with three scale examples. It is verified that the model and algorithm can effectively reduce the cost of logistics distribution， promote the energy saving and emission reduction of distribution vehicles， and provide a vehicle transportation path scheme for the cold chain logistics distribution decision of fresh e

-commerce.

Key words： urban traffic; multi-yard and multi-model; improved genetic algorithm; cold chain logistics; time-varying green vehicle routing optimization

0" 引" 言

" 隨著我國經濟高速發展和生鮮電商市場崛起，消費者對于農產品新鮮度和冷鏈物流配送速度的要求也逐漸變高。為提高配送服務質量的品質和擴大配送業務的范圍，越來越多的物流企業建立多個配送點，并應用多種車型進行配送服務。同時由于城市交通擁堵問題的日趨嚴重，導致路網具有時變特性，物流行業為響應低碳環保社會建設號召，促進節能減排，逐漸向綠色物流轉型。

" 而現有研究中，張惠珍等[1]、朱晨晨[2]和魯建廈等[3]都研究多車場多車型配送模式，但均未考慮擁堵路況導致車輛速度時變的情形；Xiao et al[4]， Matos et al[5]和狄衛民等[6]都考慮常發性擁堵路況，構建了含多車型的TDGVRP模型，但這些學者均未考慮多車場配送模式；周鮮成等[7]、趙志學等[8]和珠蘭等[9]都基于時變路網的背景，研究交通擁堵導致車輛速度時變的MDGVRP問題，也可以說是考慮多車場的TDGVRP問題，但均未考慮多車型。……