摘" 要:隨著經濟的發展,技術進步在資源配置效率的改進、提高社會生產力等方面的作用進一步顯現。而制造業的發展也會受到產業本身生產能力稟賦積累的重要影響。文章通過產品空間理論研究制造業發展過程中的技術進步路徑選擇問題,并綜合考察產業之間的鄰近關系與技術進步路徑之間的適配問題。通過分析表明:不同產業由于所處產品空間中的位置不同,生產能力的累積狀況及相關產業生產能力的吸收應用也會有所不同。在產品空間的密集區域產業更適合以技術引進的方式促進產業的發展,而產品空間的稀疏區域則應采取創新式的技術進步路徑。
" 關鍵詞:產品空間;技術進步路徑;制造業發展;產品生產能力;產品空間位置
" 中圖分類號:F273" " 文獻標志碼:A
DOI:10.13714/j.cnki.1002-3100.2024.15.025
Abstract: With the development of the economy, the role of technological progress in improving the efficiency of resource allocation and improving social productivity has further emerged. The development of the manufacturing industry will also be greatly affected by the accumulation of production capacity endowments in the industry itself. This paper studies the selection of technological progress paths in the process of manufacturing development through product space theory, and comprehensively investigates the adaptation between industries and technological progress paths. Through analysis, it is shown that due to the different positions in the product space, the accumulation of production capacity and the absorption and application of production capacity of related industries will be different. In the dense area of product space, the industry is more suitable for promoting the development of industry by technology introduction, while the sparse area of product space should adopt an innovative technological progress path.
Key words: product space; technological progress path; manufacturing development; product production capacity; product space location
0" 引" 言
" 制造業的發展對一國經濟的發展有著重要的作用。改革開放之初,我國采取以市場換技術的策略,在技術相對匱乏的前提下,積極引進國外企業及資本,憑借著資源與人口優勢,通過發展勞動力密集型、資源密集型等技術要求不高的產業以促進經濟快速發展,中國制造之名響徹世界。而近年來我國長期依賴的成本優勢在東南亞等國更低廉的勞動力優勢面前迅速瓦解,以要素驅動為主的發展道路難以為繼。并且在金融危機的影響之下,西方發達國家為重振實體經濟借力于新一輪的科技革命促使制造業向高端化、智能化道路前進,西方發達國家的再工業化道路對我國業已形成的某些優勢產品和技術造成了嚴重威脅?!?br>