圍產期抑郁篩查指南概要

［摘要］該文通過歸納世界衛生組織（WHO）及5個國家相關組織或機構發布的關于圍產期抑郁癥篩查指南建議，概述了圍產期抑郁癥篩查的最新研究進展，闡述了“早篩查、早發現、早干預”原則對于促進母嬰健康、預防并發癥及改善預后的重要性，并強調目前圍產期抑郁癥篩查的最佳時機和頻次尚不明確，仍需進一步加強篩查后續的干預措施。該文建議未來需要關注篩查工具和干預方法的優化，為中國實施系統、科學的圍產期常規抑郁癥篩查提供指導及參考依據，以期全面提升圍產期心理健康服務水平。

［關鍵詞］孕產婦；圍產期抑郁；篩查；指南

Doi：10.3969/j.issn.1673-5293.2024.11.012

［中圖分類號］R173［文獻標識碼］A

［文章編號］1673-5293（2024）11-0092-05

Summary of perinatal depression screening guidelines

TANG Chengli QIANG Wenjing TAO Fangbiao

（1.School of Nursing，Anhui Medical University，Anhui Hefei 230032，China;2.Key Laboratory of Population

Health Across Life Cycle，Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China/Anhui Provincial Key

Laboratory of Environment and Population Health across the Life Course，Anhui Hefei 230032，China;

3.School of Public Health，Anhui Medical University，Anhui Hefei 230032，China）

［Abstract］ This article summarizes the latest research progress on perinatal depression screening guidelines by synthesizing the recommendations from the World Health Organization （WHO） and relevant organizations or institutions in five countries.It highlights the importance of the principles of “early screening，early detection，and early intervention” in promoting maternal and infant health，preventing complications，and improving prognosis.Furthermore，it emphasizes that the optimal timing and frequency for perinatal depression screening remain unclear，and further efforts are needed to enhance post-screening intervention measures.The article recommends that future efforts focus on optimizing screening tools and intervention methods to provide guidance and references for the systematic and scientific implementation of routine perinatal depression screening in China，with the goal of comprehensively improving the level of perinatal mental health services.

［Key words］ maternity;perinatal depression;screening;guideline

圍產期抑郁癥（perinatal depression，PND）是指在懷孕期間或分娩后12個月內發生的不同程度的精神障礙，包括產前抑郁和產后抑郁［1］，目前已成為全球公共衛生問題。據報道，全球PND的總體患病率約為24.7%［2］，中國PND的患病率達到15%，且呈上升趨勢［3］。PND具有高發病率、高自愈率和高致殘率的特點［4］；臨床表現為情緒低落，焦慮、易怒、睡眠和食欲不佳等狀況［5-6］。PND不僅影響孕產婦的自身健康，甚至對子代身心發育產生長遠影響［7-9］。對其早期篩查是早發現和早干預的關鍵，然而各國對PND常規篩查的建議各不相同［10］。因此，本文收集并分析全球主要國家權威機構發布的圍產期抑郁篩查指南和專家共識，為中國圍產期抑郁癥篩查提供參考依據。

1世界衛生組織建議的有關指南

近年來，對圍產期精神健康的研究已成為社會各領域的焦點，許多國家加大了對圍產期女性專業精神健康服務的力度。……