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關鍵詞: LoRa; 多傳感器; 低功耗; 數據采集; 信道切換; 分時復用; 輪詢
中圖分類號: TN919?34; TN98?34" " " " " " " " " "文獻標識碼: A" " " " " " " " " "文章編號: 1004?373X(2024)10?0023?05
Method of multi?sensor low?power data acquisition based on LoRa
Abstract: In allusion to the problem of invalid wake?up of sensor nodes in a multi?sensor acquisition system, which based on the same LoRa communication channel, a low?power working method based on wake on radio strategy and channel switching mechanism is proposed. In this method, the LoRa communication link is divided into multiple communication channels, the switching and time division multiplexing of different channels are conducted, and group communication of multiple sensor nodes is realized, avoiding ineffective wake?up from sensor nodes and minimizing communication power consumption of slave nodes under limited channel capacity. A LoRa local area network sensor communication instruction protocol is developed, which can realize the low?power active polling collection, fixed?point debugging, and early warning reporting of multiple sensors. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Keywords: LoRa; multiple sensors; low power consumption; data collection; channel switching; time division multiplexing; polling
0" 引" 言
LoRa因其抗干擾性強、通信距離遠的優點,更適用于空間障礙物多、節點通信距離遠、無運營商廣域網信號覆蓋的多傳感器數據采集的應用場景[1?3]。工程中,將LoRa與低功耗供電技術相結合,實現傳感器的無線通信與電池供電,可大幅減少局域范圍內多傳感器組網布線的工作量,在線纜布設復雜工程中有較好的應用前景[4?5]。
現有傳感節點通常采用定時或觸發喚醒的工作方式完成數據的采集與上報,在非工作時段進入待機休眠狀態以降低功耗。黃躍文等通過周期喚醒進行建筑結構安全監測傳感器的數據采集,實現無線低功耗數據采集[6]。林碩等通過觸發喚醒方式實現稱重傳感器低功耗數據的采集[7]。邱崠等基于LoRaWAN協議實現農田環境監測傳感器數據的采集,終端節點工作于ClassA模式,建立與LoRa網關的低功耗通信連接[8]。……