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關鍵詞: 電氣化鐵路; 牽引回流; 鋼軌; 磁化; 剩磁有限元仿真; 接觸線電流
中圖分類號: TN03?34; U228" " " " " " " " " " " 文獻標識碼: A" " " " " " " " " " " 文章編號: 1004?373X(2024)10?0182?05
Effect of traction return current on rail magnetization in electrified railways
Abstract: In allusion to the phenomenon of abnormal remanence of rail, a three?dimensional finite element model of locomotive traction circuit is established to simulate and analyze the cause of rail magnetization. The results indicate that during normal operation of the locomotive, the magnetic field generated by the contact wire at the steel rail and the magnetic field generated by mutual coupling between the steel rails are both less than 0.05 mT, far less than the residual magnetic field of the steel rail measured in the field of 10 mT, and the impact can be ignored. When the amplitude of locomotive traction current suddenly changes, the magnetic field generated on the surface of the steel rail can reach 0.66~0.68 T. The magnetic field size is equivalent to the minimum magnetic field size of 1.1 T for automatic passing by means of the phase zone ground magnetic steel, which may cause abnormal jumping of the locomotive main circuit breaker.
Keywords: electrified railways; traction reflux; steel rails; magnetization; remanence finite element simulation; contact wire current
0" 引" 言
在供電方式為直接供電的電氣化鐵路中,軌道不設置回流線,電力牽引區段的鋼軌作為牽引電流的回路傳送牽引電流,由接觸網?電力機車?鋼軌?牽引變電所組成閉合回路,如圖1所示。
機車在長距離行駛的過程中,會經過不同的牽引變電所的供電區,在兩個牽引變電所的交接處設有自動過分相區。為了防止相間短路,自動過分相區禁止通電,機車在此區間需自主完成主斷路器的斷開與閉合動作。在自動過分相區的入口與出口處均設置埋地磁鋼,機車頭部裝有感應器,當機車經過磁鋼時,感應器就會接收到磁信號并發出脈沖信號,傳輸到微機系統,控制主斷路器的開斷。機車行駛過程中,若鋼軌表面異常剩磁大于車感器的感應閾值,則車感器也可感應到該信號,從而導致機車主斷路器的異常跳變,對機車正常運行產生影響?!?br>