噻蟲嗪與螺蟲乙酯混用對柑橘矢尖蚧和全爪螨的田間防治效果

摘 要：為了篩選出能有效控制柑橘矢尖蚧和全爪螨的二元復配劑，采用田間小區試驗研究了40%噻蟲嗪·螺蟲乙酯SC與其相應的2種單劑（21%噻蟲嗪SC和22.4%螺蟲乙酯SC）、生產上常用的100 g/L聯苯菊酯EC和15%唑蟲酰胺SC對柑橘矢尖蚧和全爪螨的防治效果。結果表明：40%噻蟲嗪·螺蟲乙酯SC對柑橘矢尖蚧的防治效果好，兼治柑橘全爪螨且持效期長，藥后7～30 d對矢尖蚧的防治效果為92.44%～98.02%，藥后3～30 d對全爪螨的防治效果為60.57%～84.86%；22.4%螺蟲乙酯SC 60 mg/kg對柑橘矢尖蚧和全爪螨高效，藥后7～30 d對矢尖蚧的防治效果為85.45%～91.37%，藥后3～30 d對全爪螨的防治效果為78.56%～95.12%；21%噻蟲嗪SC 60 mg/kg和15%唑蟲酰胺SC 50 mg/kg對柑橘矢尖蚧的防治效果一般而對全爪螨的防治效果較差，藥后7～30 d對矢尖蚧的防治效果分別為62.73%～79.52%和49.90%～75.97%，藥后3～30 d對全爪螨的防治效果分別為16.46%～53.09%和29.95%～70.11%；100 g/L聯苯菊酯SC 30 mg/kg對矢尖蚧有一定效果、對全爪螨的效果較好，藥后7～30 d對矢尖蚧的防治效果為23.35%～62.95%，藥后3～30 d對全爪螨的防治效果為74.19%～88.74%。因此，在柑橘生產實踐中，當矢尖蚧發生達到防治指標而全爪螨發生較輕時，只需噴施1次40%噻蟲嗪·螺蟲乙酯SC 80 mg/kg；若矢尖蚧和全爪螨發生均達到防治指標時，還應噴施1次22.4%螺蟲乙酯SC 60 mg/kg。

關鍵詞：柑橘；矢尖蚧；全爪螨；螺蟲乙酯；噻蟲嗪；防治效果

中圖分類號：S436.66 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1006-060X（2023）06-0073-04

Abstract：Field plot experiments were conducted to evaluate control efficacy of thiamethoxam·spirotetramat 40% SC， thiamethoxam 21% SC， spirotetramat 22.4% SC， bifenthrin 100 g/L EC and tolfenpyrad 15% SC against arrowhead scale （Unaspis yanonensis） and citrus red mite （Panonychus citri） in 2021-2022. The results showed that thiamethoxam·spirotetramat 40% SC at a rate of 80 mg/kg could effectively control U. yanonensis and was also efficient to P. citri with a long duration; its control efficacy against U. yanonensis was 92.44%-98.02%， 7-30 days after treatment （DAT）， and against P. citri was 60.57%-84.86%， 3-30 DAT. Spirotetramat 22.4% SC at a rate of 60 mg/kg was efficient for controlling the two pests， its control efficacy against U. yanonensis was 85.45%-91.37%， 7-30 DAT， and against P. citri was 78.56%-95.12%， 3-30 DAT." To a certain extent， 60 mg/kg of thiamethoxam 21% SC or 50 mg/kg of tolfenpyrad 15% SC could controll U. yanonensis， but was difficult for P. citri; the control efficacy of these two insecticides against U. yanonensis was 62.73%-79.52% and 49.90%-75.97%， respectively， 7-30 DAT， and against P. citri was 16.46%-53.09% and 29.95%-70.11%， respectively， 3-30 DAT. Bifenthrin 100 g/L EC at a rate of 30 mg/kg had a certain efficacy against U. yanonensis， while was efficient for P. citri; its control efficacy against U. yanonensis was 23.35%-62.95%， 7-30 DAT， and against P. citri was 74.19%-88.74%， 3-30 DAT. Therefore， these results suggest that a single foliar spray of thiamethoxam·spirotetramat 40% SC at the rate of 80 mg/kg is necessary if U. yanonensis achieves control indexes， while P. citri slightly infests. If both U. yanonensis and P. citri achieve control indexes， one-time supplementary application of spirotetramat 22.4% SC at the rate of 60 mg/kg is needed.

Key words： citrus; Unaspis yanonensis; Panonychus citri; spirotetramat; thiamethoxam; control efficacy

中國是柑橘重要原產地之一，資源豐富，優良品種繁多。截至2022年底，全國柑橘種植面積303萬hm2，總產量5 732萬t，柑橘產業已成為我國經濟作物的主導產業。然而，柑橘生產中介殼蟲（矢尖蚧、黑點蚧、糠片蚧和褐圓蚧等）、螨類（全爪螨、始葉螨和銹壁虱等）、木虱、蚜蟲和粉虱等害蟲發生嚴重。……