摘要:當前社會面臨著不容回避的老齡化問題,大部分博物館在展覽設計過程中忽視了老年人群體的身體和心理需求。面對這樣的社會問題及挑戰,“適老化設計”理念下的展覽設計便是最好的解決辦法。本文在具身認知視野下,從感知層、認知層、行為層3個層面對適老化設計在博物館展覽設計中的具體應用展開研究,同時試圖提出博物館在展覽設計中滿足老年人獨立觀展需求并提升他們生活品質的策略,為博物館適老化設計提供理論支撐及可借鑒的思路與手法,并以具體的博物館設計時間探索來更進一步說明。從具身認知的理論視角出發去探索博物館的適老化設計,引起老年群體的情感共鳴之外,還可以充分釋放博物館的最大力量和價值。
關鍵詞:博物館 適老化設計 老齡化 具身認知 認知心理學
中圖分類號:TB472 文獻標識碼:A
文章編號:1003-0069(2023)22-0130-05
Abstract:At present,the society is facing an unavoidable aging problem. Most museums ignore the physical and psychological needs of the elderly in the process of exhibition design. Facing such social problems and challenges,exhibition design under the concept of \"aging design\" is the best solution.From the perspective of personal cognition,this paper studies the specific application of aging design in museum exhibition design from the three levels of perception,cognition and behavior,and tries to put forward strategies for museums to meet the needs of elderly people to independently watch exhibitions and improve their quality of life in exhibition design.Provide theoretical support and ideas and techniques for museum aging design,and further explain with specific museum design time exploration.Exploring the aging design of museums from the theoretical perspective of personal cognition can not only arouse the emotional resonance of the elderly,but also fully release the maximum strength and value of museums.
Keywords:Museum Aging design Aging Embodied cognition Cognitive psychology
隨著中國人口老齡化進程加快,導致老年觀眾在博物館游客中的比例逐年上升。但不管是老年觀眾在參觀博物館的互動過程中,還是博物館在為老年觀眾提供服務等方面,目前都存在亟待解決的問題。2022年北京市文物局在《關于進一步提高博物館適老化服務水平的通知》中明確提出要加強博物館展覽的適老化設計,提供多樣化輔助設備,不斷創新服務老年觀眾的方式。適老化設計,顧名思義是適應老年化的設計。加強博物館的適老化設計,在上述社會背景下顯得尤為重要。……