曾海紅 吳秀紅 葉巧玲


[摘要]目的 探討分析血液透析中心靜脈導管(CVC)感染的相關影響因素及干預對策。方法 選取2018年1月~2019年8月我院收治的血液透析(HD)224例患者,收集所有患者的臨床診療資料并進行回顧性分析。針對影響HD患者發生CVC感染的相關單因素和相關獨立風險因素進行分析。結果 所有224例患者中,共有12例(5.4%)發生CVC感染,經單因素分析提示,不同年齡、合并原發疾病、CVC留置時間下的CVC感染發生率比較,差異均有統計學意義(P<0.05)。影響HD患者發生CVC感染的相關獨立風險因素為:年齡≥60歲、合并原發疾病、CVC留置時間≥10 d(P<0.05)。結論 影響HD患者發生CVC感染的相關獨立風險因素為患者年齡、合并原發疾病、CVC留置時間;針對危險因素實施針對性的護理干預,是降低臨床HD患者發生CVC感染風險及發生率的關鍵因素。
[關鍵詞]血液透析;靜脈導管感染;危險因素;干預對策
[中圖分類號] R473.6 ? ? ? ? ?[文獻標識碼] A ? ? ? ? ?[文章編號] 1674-4721(2020)9(c)-0201-03
[Abstract] Objective To explore and analyze the influencing factors and intervention strategies of central venous catheter (CVC) infection in hemodialysis (HD). Methods A total of 224 patients with HD admitted to our hospital from January 2018 to August 2019 were selected. The clinical diagnosis and treatment data of all patients were collected and retrospectively analyzed. The single factors and independent risk factors related to the occurrence of CVC infection in patients with HD were analyzed. Results Twelve of the 224 (5.4%) patients had CVC infection. The single factors related to the occurrence of CVC infection in patients with HD was age, combined with primary disease, indwelling time of CVC, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The independent risk factors related to the occurrence of CVC infection in patients with HD were age≥60, combined with primary disease, indwelling time of CVC≥10 d (P<0.05). Conclusion The independent risk factors that related CVC infection in patients with HD are patients′age, primary disease, indwelling time of CVC. Targeted intervention on these risk factors is the key to reduce the incidence and ratio of CVC infection in patients with HD in clinic.
[Key words] Hemodialysis; Venous catheter infection; Risk factors; Counter measures
臨床給予腎臟衰竭患者治療時,血液透析(HD)治療是常用的一種方式,這一方法可有效延續患者生命[1]。但腎臟衰竭患者因為自身降低的免疫功能,很難對各種病毒及細菌進行抵抗,因此十分容易出現各種感染,影響患者的預后及治療效果[2]。而腎臟衰竭患者進行HD治療的基礎就是血管通路,中心靜脈導管(central venous catheter,CVC)是HD患者治療時常用血管通道,但這一置管方式容易發生感染[3]。患者發生感染,既會增加患者治療費用及身心負擔,同時更重要是威脅到患者的生命健康[4]。本研究選取我院收治的224例HD患者,收集所有患者的臨床診療資料,并進行回顧性分析,分析影響HD患者發生CVC感染的相關風險因素,并探討護理對策,現報道如下。
1資料與方法
1.1一般資料
選取2018年1月~2019年8月我院收治的224例HD患者,收集所有患者的臨床診療資料,并進行回顧性分析。所有患者年齡20~80歲,平均(51.3±2.9)歲;男122例,女102例。……