綜合護理管理對老年精神障礙患者跌倒的干預作用

劉珍 董鮮苗 謝繼群 許曲 歐陽小芬

[摘要]目的 分析綜合護理管理對老年精神障礙患者跌倒的干預作用。方法 選取2017年4月～2019年4月我院收治的90例老年精神障礙患者作為研究對象，根據入院時間的不同將其分為基礎組（2017年4月～2018年3月收治）和綜合組（2018年4月～2019年4月收治），每組各45例。基礎組給予常規護理管理，綜合組給予綜合護理管理。比較兩組的生活質量[生活質量核心量表（QLQ-C30）]，并觀察其跌倒發生情況、家屬護理滿意度。結果 經護理管理后，綜合組各項QLQ-C30評分高于基礎組;綜合組的跌倒發生率（2.22%）低于基礎組（17.78%）;家屬護理總滿意度（95.56%）高于基礎組（82.22%），差異均有統計學意義（P<0.05）。結論 將綜合護理管理模式用于老年精神障礙患者，可有效減少跌倒情況的發生，提高生活質量及家屬護理滿意度。

[關鍵詞]老年精神障礙;跌倒;綜合護理;護理管理;干預

[中圖分類號] R473.74? ? ? ? ? [文獻標識碼] A? ? ? ? ? [文章編號] 1674-4721（2020）7（a）-0247-03

Intervention effect of comprehensive nursing management on falls of elderly patients with mental disorders

LIU Zhen? ?DONG Xian-miao? ?XIE Ji-qun? ?XU Qu? ?OUYANG Xiao-fen

Compulsory Medical Center， Mental Hospital of Guangzhou Civil Affairs Bureau， Guangdong Province， Guangzhou? ?510430， China

[Abstract] Objective To analyze the intervention effect of comprehensive nursing management on falls in elderly patients with mental disorders. Methods A total of 90 elderly patients with mental disorders admitted to our hospital from April 2017 to April 2019 were selected as the study objects. The patients were divided into the basic group （from April 2017 to March 2018） and the comprehensive group （from April 2018 to April 2019） according to the different admission time， 45 cases in each group. The basic group of patients were given conventional nursing management， comprehensive group of patients were given comprehensive nursing management. The quality of life （QLQ-C30） of the patients in the two groups was analyzed and compared， and the incidence of falls and the satisfaction of family members′ nursing were observed. Results After the nursing management， the QLQ-C30 scores of the patients in the comprehensive group were higher than those in the basic group; the fall rate of the patients in the comprehensive group （2.22%） was lower than that in the basic group （17.78%）; the nursing total satisfaction of the family members （95.56%） was higher than that in the basic group （82.22%）， the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. Conclusion Applying the comprehensive nursing management mode to the elderly patients with mental disorders can effectively reduce the incidence of falls and improve the quality of life and the nursing satisfaction of family members.

[Key words] Elderly mental disorders; Falls; Comprehensive nursing; Nursing management; Intervention

精神障礙是情感、行為、認知及意志等精神活動發生不同程度障礙的總稱，多因大腦功能紊亂所致，大致可分為器質性精神障礙及功能性精神障礙兩類;跌倒則指不自主的、突發的一種倒地現象，發生后可能導致軟組織挫傷、骨折或心理創傷等較嚴重后果[1-2]。對老年精神障礙患者而言，其身體各項機能逐漸退化，反應遲緩，跌倒發生率較普通人群高。臨床加大對老年精神障礙患者的護理管理力度十分有必要，但就以往看來，臨床采取常規護理管理模式無法較好地控制患者跌倒事件發生率，說明其改善空間較大。針對此種情況，有學者在研究中指出[3-4]，對老年精神障礙患者采取綜合護理管理能有效降低其跌倒發生率，同時改善其生活質量。……