劉玉東
摘 要: 黨委、政府與社會在國家治理結構中的定位,是指在治理體系結構中的組織定位和在治理能力結構中的職能定位。不同主體各有其基本的組織形式與職能任務,黨委是聯系各方成為統一體系的組織樞紐,履行領導各方的政治職能;政府是貫徹黨的路線方針政策的國家行政機構,履行配置公共資源、管理公共事務的行政職能;社會主體是提供多樣性服務的自主成員,履行協同黨委政府開展治理活動的職能。國家治理體制改革就是要設定組織與職能建設的新規范,優化治理結構的具體形式,從而有效地推進國家治理體系和治理能力的現代化建設。
關鍵詞: 國家治理; 公共治理; 職能定位; 組織定位
中圖分類號: D925.3 文獻標識碼: A DOI:10.13411/j.cnki.sxsx.2018.03.003
Abstract: The structural orientation of the Party committee, the government and the society in the national governance refers to the organization orientation in the governance system structure and the function orientation in the governance capability structure. Different subjects have their basic organizational forms and functional tasks. The Party committee is the hub of organization of the united ssystem, performing leadership functions.The government is the administrative system , carrying out the will of the state and fulfilling the administrative functions of the allocation of public resources and the management of public affairs; the social subject is an independent member that provides diversity services, and performs the functions of coordinating the governance activities of the Party committee and the government. The reform of national governance system is to set up new norms of organization and function, optimize the specific forms of governance structure, and effectively promote the modernization of national governance system and governance capacity.
Key words: state governance; public governance; function orientation; organization orientation
國家治理現代化是國家治理制度現代化和各類主體運用制度管理社會事務的能力現代化的總和。制度改革對治理主體的職能定位,以及治理主體在組織建設中的能力變化,都決定了國家治理結構必須隨著經濟社會條件的變化而不斷地進行調整。中國共產黨第十九屆中央委員會第三次全體會議通過的《中共中央關于深化黨和國家機構改革的決定》(2018年2月28日)指出了“統籌設置黨政群機構”的國家治理現代化的變革路徑。一方面,從黨委、政府機構的關系來看,要強化國家的主導能力,“在省市縣對職能相近的黨政機關探索合并設立或合署辦公,市縣要加大黨政機關合并設立或合署辦公力度”;……