“七選五”題型已被全國多個省市的的高考英語試卷采用??荚囌邔玫揭黄绷宋寰湓挼挠⒄Z文章,文章大概三百字左右,體裁主要為說明文,議論文,記敘文,要求學生根據文章的結構、邏輯、上下文的內容選出相應的五句話填入空白處將文章補充完整,需要考慮文章的連貫,完整性,主要目的在于“考查考生對文章的整體內容和結構以及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握?!保ǔ鲎浴犊荚囌f明》)。題型既像完形填空,又是閱讀理解,考理解,還考甄別,考知識,更考能力。高考考綱對七選五主要考察三個方面的能力:整體內容結構,細節,上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握,因此,筆者將從三個角度來探討解題技巧。
第一,文章結構。七選五的設題位置要考慮大標題,小標題,段首,段中,段尾。大標題短小精悍,一般大寫;小標題短小,結構一致;段首,概括文段,與小標題呼應;段中,承上啟下;段尾,總結上文。
例如:_________
For many moms, walks are a gentle way to get in shape after giving birth. …
Do the laundry.
It may be boring for you, ….
A. Every child will develop at an individual rate.
B. Moms can take a walk every day.
C. Go for a walk.
根據小標題概括全段,且結構一致,很容易選出C為正確選項。
第二,細節把握。學會找出與題干相關的關鍵詞。關鍵詞包括近義詞,反義詞,同源詞,同構句,同籌詞,代詞指代。例如:jacket(夾克) clothes 夾克是衣服中的一種 。fruit 表類別 apple, orange, banana…具體。fall – fell (不同時態) beauty – beautiful act – action (不同詞性) mate – roommate police – policeman (相同詞根)
例如:_____ They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger,…
A. Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger.
B. He said that laughter is much healthier than anger.
C. Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time.
They 是代詞,找到指代關系,答案不難選出為A。
邏輯關系。轉折/對比關系:however, , though, yet, in spite of, nonetheless(adv.盡管如此), on the contrary(正相
反), by contrast(與之相比), by comparison, conversely(adv.相反), otherwise, but, while… 因果關系 for, because, since, as, therefore, thus, hence(adv.因此), accordingly(因此,于是,相應地), consequently,as a result, , so… 解釋關系:in fact, actually, that is to say, in other words, as a matter of fact, for example…
例如:_____ In the other words, when you are in love with someone, you may refuse to see anything bad about that person.
A. Another proverb says “Love is blind.”
B. Proverbs are found in most cultures and are often very old.
根據解釋關系,學生可以找出答案為A。
總而言之,通過對七選五做題技巧的梳理,學生可以更加明確做題步驟。首先瀏覽全文,抓主文章結構,明確文章主旨。在這個過程中,要關注大標題,小標題,出題位置在段首,段中還是段尾。其次,抓細節,關注同源詞,近義詞,反義詞,同構詞。并且理清邏輯,根據對比關系,因果關系,解釋關系,找出答案。最后復檢,保證內容完整,語義連貫。
【作者簡介】王寒英,襄陽東風中學。