沙棘果油索氏提取及體外抗氧化活性研究

趙統超 張宇 王麗紅

摘要[目的]采用響應面分析法優化沙棘果油的索氏提取工藝，并測定其抗氧化活性。[方法]在單因素試驗的基礎上，利用響應面分析法考察料液比、提取時間、離心轉速對索氏提取沙棘果油得油率的影響；通過測定對·OH，O2·-以及DPPH·的清除能力，探討沙棘果油的抗氧化能力。[結果]最優提取工藝條件：料液比1∶8，提取時間3.5 h，離心轉速9 350 r/min，得油率為21.9%；沙棘油對·OH、O2·-、DPPH·自由基均有較好的清除作用，且清除率與濃度呈一定量效關系。[結論]通過響應面法優選的沙棘果油索式提取工藝提取率高，簡單可行，易于工業化大生產；沙棘果油具有較強的抗氧化作用。

關鍵詞 沙棘果油；索氏提取；響應面法；抗氧化

中圖分類號 S-3 文獻標識碼 A 文章編號 0517-6611（2018）22-0145-04

Abstract[Objective]Response surface analysis methodology （RSM） was used for optimizing the Soxhlet extraction technology of seabuckthorn fruit oil and determining the antioxidant activity.[Method]On the basis of single factor experiments，response surface methodology （RSM） was used to investigate the effects of solidliquid ratio，extraction time and rotational speed on the yield of seabuckthorn fruit oil obtained by Soxhlet extraction.The antioxidant capacity of seabuckthorn fruit oil was evaluated by measuring the scavenging capacity of ·OH，O2·- and DPPH·.[Result]The optimum conditions were solidliquid ratio 1∶8，extraction time 3.5 h，rotational speed 9350 r/min and extraction yield 21.9%.The seabuckthorn fruit oil had a good scavenging effect on ·OH，O2·- and ·DPPH，and existed concentrationeffect relationships in some extent.[Conclusion]This optimum Soxhlet extraction process of seabuckthorn fruit oil is simple and feasible with high extraction rate，and it is suitable for industrial production.The seabuckthorn fruit oil showed strong antioxidant activities.

Key words Seabuckthorn fruit oil；Soxhlet extraction；Response surface methodology；Antioxidation

沙棘（Hippophae L.）為胡頹子科沙棘屬植物，沙棘果富含豐富的維生素及黃酮、三萜、甾體、酚類化合物、脂肪酸等生物活性成分[1]，具有抗心肌缺氧、增強免疫力、抗腫瘤、保肝、抗炎、抗輻射等作用[2]。近幾年，對沙棘果的化學成分、活性進行初篩，發現沙棘果油含量豐富，具有顯著的收斂、抗氧化和免疫調節等活性。目前沙棘果油的提取方法多見超臨界流體萃取法、水代法和水酶法等[3-4]，但這些方法均存在出油效率低的缺點，未將這一重要活性物質充分提取和利用。采用響應面分析法優化沙棘果油索氏提取工藝[5-6]，并對其抗氧化活性進行研究，旨在尋找適合沙棘果油提取的最優方法及工藝，為深入開展其結構特征、活性機理、臨床應用的研究奠定基礎。……