飼用甜高粱代替玉米秸稈對羔羊生產性能和養分消化代謝的影響

王宏博 梁春年 閻萍

摘要[目的]研究飼用甜高粱秸稈替代玉米秸稈對羔羊生產性能及養分消化代謝的影響。[方法]選取體重（27.9±2.5）kg、3月齡的30只健康斷奶羔羊，隨機分為3組，每組10只，隔欄單獨飼養。Ⅰ 為玉米秸稈對照組、Ⅱ 為玉米甜高粱秸稈組、Ⅲ 為甜高粱秸稈組。進行84 d的飼養試驗，其中過渡期14 d，預試期10 d，正試期60 d。[結果]飼用甜高粱秸稈對羔羊的生產性能無顯著影響（P>0.05），但用50%甜高粱秸稈完全替代50%玉米秸稈時，羔羊日增重比 Ⅰ 組（完全玉米秸稈）高4.21 g，而完全替代玉米秸稈時，其日增重比試驗 Ⅰ 組低14.22 g。Ⅱ 組的DM表觀消化率顯著高于Ⅰ組（P<0.05）；Ⅱ 組的OM表觀消化率顯著高于 Ⅰ 組（P<0.05）；CP的表觀消化率在3組間差異均不顯著（P>0.05）；Ⅱ、Ⅲ 組NDF表觀消化率極顯著高于 Ⅰ 組（P<0.01）；Ca表觀消化率在3組間差異均不顯著（P>0.05）；Ⅱ 組P表觀消化率極顯著高于Ⅰ、Ⅲ 組（P<0.01）。[結論]用50%甜高粱秸稈替代50%玉米秸稈，對羔羊育肥具有顯著效果，而完全替代玉米秸稈后，不利于羔羊育肥。

關鍵詞 飼用甜高粱；玉米秸稈；羔羊；生產性能；消化代謝

中圖分類號 S816.5 文獻標識碼 A 文章編號 0517-6611（2018）22-0071-03

Abstract[Objective]The experiment was conducted to study the effects of substituting forage sorghum for corn straw on production performance and nutrient digestion and metabolism of lambs.[Method]30 healthy weanling lambs with same weight[（27.9±2.5）kg]and 3 month old were randomly divided into 3 groups， with 10 lambs in each group. The first was the corn straw control group， the second was the sweet sorghum straw group， and the third was the sweet sorghum straw group. The experiment lasted for 84 days comprised 14 days transition period and 10 days adaptation and 60 days trial period.[Result]There was no significant difference in the production performance of the lambs between each group （P>0.05）， but when the corn straw completely replace 50% with 50% sweet sorghum straw， lamb daily gain than in group one （complete corn straw） as high as 4.21 g， and completely replace the corn straw， the daily gain was 14.22 g lower than that of the group one. DM digestibility in the group two was significantly higher than that of group one （P<0.05）； the apparent digestibility of OM of the group two was significantly higher than that of group one （P<0.05）； CP apparent digestibility of differences between the each groups was not significant （P>0.05）； NDF apparent digestibility of the group two and three was significantly higher than group one （P<0.01）； Ca apparent digestibility differences between the each group was not significant （P>0.05）； P apparent digestibility of group two was significantly higher than group one and three （P<0.01）.[Conclusion]50% sweet sorghum straw instead of 50% corn stalk has a significant effect on lamb fattening， but completely replacing corn stalk is not good for lamb fattening.

Key words Forage sweet sorghum；Corn straw；Lambs；Production performance；Digestion and metabolism

我國畜牧業的快速持續發展可能進一步加劇飼料資源的短缺。緩解我國目前人畜爭糧、飼料短缺的有效途徑是有效開發利用農業副產品，如秸稈等非常規性飼料資源。甜高粱也稱蘆栗、甜稈、珍珠黍或糖高粱，甜高粱高 24 m，基部徑 22.5 cm，多汁液、味甜，屬于粒用高粱的一個變種[1-2]。甜高粱是一種生物產量和糖產量較高的農作物，其除了主要用作制糖外，還可以作為飼料，制酒和乙醇，造紙以及制作板材等，被稱為“高能作物”。甜高粱產籽實可達 2 250～7 500 kg/hm2，且能夠生產60～75 t/hm2富含糖分的秸稈，這是普通高粱無法代替的[3]，因其富含糖分，是近年來主要推廣的新興飼料作物、糖料作物及能源作物。甜高粱莖稈鮮嫩，富含糖分，葉片柔軟，適口性好，是草