楊鴻鵠 李德勝 盧衛(wèi)平
摘要:高速公路建設(shè)是貴州省進(jìn)幾年飛速發(fā)展的重要因素之一,高速公路中橋梁、隧道施工技術(shù)也在飛速進(jìn)步,其中貴州省交通運(yùn)輸廳科研項(xiàng)目“橋梁高墩步履式爬升模板技術(shù)”經(jīng)過(guò)設(shè)計(jì)、實(shí)施與實(shí)際應(yīng)用,取得了顯著成果,給山區(qū)橋梁施工提供了新型施工工藝。在高墩施工中引入步履式爬模系統(tǒng)技術(shù),不斷改進(jìn)和創(chuàng)新,保障橋梁工程的施工安全并加快施工進(jìn)度。
Abstract: Expressway construction is one of the important factors for the rapid development of Guizhou in several years. The construction technology of bridges and tunnels in the expressway is also advancing rapidly. Among them, the research project "Bridge High Pier Walking Climbing Template Technology" of Guizhou Province Transportation Research Project Department has made remarkable achievements through the design, implementation and practical application and provided new construction technologies for bridge construction in mountain areas. In the construction of high piers, the introduction of walking climbing moulding system technology can ensure the construction safety of bridge projects and accelerate the construction progress.
關(guān)鍵詞:施工工藝創(chuàng)新;施工安全;施工質(zhì)量;施工進(jìn)度
Key words: construction process innovation;construction safety;construction quality;construction progress
中圖分類(lèi)號(hào):U445 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A 文章編號(hào):1006-4311(2018)12-0097-04
0 引言
近幾年,全國(guó)交通建設(shè)發(fā)展很快,高速公路建設(shè)迅猛,其中山區(qū)高速公路的修建,由于橋梁隧道所占比例較大,高墩橋梁是普遍存在的。而在山區(qū),橋梁的高墩是建設(shè)單位始終中面臨的難題,地形陡峻,重型設(shè)備難以到達(dá)或者投入的設(shè)備數(shù)量與墩柱的體量不匹配,特別是起吊設(shè)備,通常需要配置塔吊才能完成材料的豎向提升,因此造成施工速度緩慢或者成本較高。因此一種安全可靠、高效快速、無(wú)需大型起重設(shè)備的施工工藝成為建設(shè)各方的一種需求。
1 橋梁高墩施工傳統(tǒng)施工工藝
1.1 爬模施工
爬模主要有液壓自爬模及塔吊提升爬模,但通常以液壓自爬模為主要形式,爬模施工是由爬升模板、爬架和爬升設(shè)備三部分組成的模板體系,是橋梁高墩和筒體體系等高聳結(jié)構(gòu)的一種有效的工具,在橋梁高墩施工較為常見(jiàn)。
液壓爬模具備自爬的能力,因此不需起重機(jī)械的輔助爬升,這減少了施工中運(yùn)輸機(jī)械的吊運(yùn)工作量,且爬升過(guò)程相對(duì)平穩(wěn),人員在相對(duì)封閉的環(huán)境中作業(yè),較為安全,但材料的吊運(yùn)仍然需要起重機(jī)械,設(shè)備占用率較高;……