田愛國(guó)
(齊齊哈爾大學(xué)經(jīng)濟(jì)與管理學(xué)院,黑龍江齊齊哈爾 161006)
貴州省茶產(chǎn)業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力研究
田愛國(guó)
(齊齊哈爾大學(xué)經(jīng)濟(jì)與管理學(xué)院,黑龍江齊齊哈爾 161006)
近幾年來,貴州省高度重視茶產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展,茶園面積不斷擴(kuò)大,產(chǎn)量不斷增加,茶產(chǎn)業(yè)得到了快速發(fā)展,競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力不斷增強(qiáng)。文章結(jié)合貴州省近11年的數(shù)據(jù),利用單產(chǎn)量(AP)、規(guī)模優(yōu)勢(shì)指數(shù)(SAI)、效率優(yōu)勢(shì)指數(shù)(EAI)、綜合優(yōu)勢(shì)指數(shù)(AAI)、貿(mào)易競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力指數(shù)(NTB)和國(guó)際市場(chǎng)占有率(PRIM)等指標(biāo)對(duì)貴州省茶產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展情況進(jìn)行分析。通過分析發(fā)現(xiàn),貴州省茶產(chǎn)業(yè)存在茶葉單產(chǎn)量低,茶園規(guī)模與生產(chǎn)效率不相稱,國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力弱等問題。必須重視提高茶葉生產(chǎn)效率,全面提升質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn),加強(qiáng)品牌宣傳推廣力度,努力開拓國(guó)內(nèi)外市場(chǎng)。
茶產(chǎn)業(yè);競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力;對(duì)策
Abstract:In recent years, Guizhou Province attached great importance to the development of tea industry.The continuous expansion of tea plantations and increasing of tea production promoted the tea industry and its competitiveness.Based on the data of recent 11 years,this paper analyzed growth of the tea industry in Guizhou with single output(AP), the scale advantage index (SAI), the efficiency advantage index (EAI), aggregated advantage index (AAI), of normalized trade balance (NTB) and possession rate of international market (PRIM).The analysis found that tea yield of Guizhou was low;the scale of tea plantation did not match the production efficiency;and it lacked international competitiveness.As a result, the paper put forward to improve the production efficiency, the quality standards and strengthen the brand promotion to explore the domestic and foreign markets.
Keywords:Tea industry; Competitiveness; Countermeasure
貴州省地處云貴高原東部,平均海拔1100米左右,全省近93%的面積為山地和丘陵,是全國(guó)唯一沒有平原支撐的省份。復(fù)雜多樣的生態(tài)環(huán)境蘊(yùn)藏著極為豐富的生物資源,生物多樣性優(yōu)勢(shì)突出,為茶產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展提供了得天獨(dú)厚的自然條件,適宜發(fā)展茶葉相對(duì)集中的優(yōu)勢(shì)區(qū)域面積在50萬公頃左右。
近年來,貴州省高度重視茶產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展,堅(jiān)持把茶產(chǎn)業(yè)打造為綠色產(chǎn)業(yè)、富民產(chǎn)業(yè)、朝陽產(chǎn)業(yè)。隨著貴州省茶園面積不斷擴(kuò)大,產(chǎn)量不斷增加,貴州省茶產(chǎn)業(yè)快速發(fā)展,競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力逐步增強(qiáng),在產(chǎn)量產(chǎn)值及出口創(chuàng)匯等方面取得了一定成就,但與云南、浙江、安徽等產(chǎn)茶大省相比仍存較大差距。如何正確評(píng)價(jià)和度量貴州省茶產(chǎn)業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力,準(zhǔn)確把握自身狀況,明晰優(yōu)劣,科學(xué)制定企業(yè)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略,對(duì)于提升貴州省茶產(chǎn)業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力具有重要的理論價(jià)值和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。……