高γ-氨基丁酸含量白茶的茶樹品種適制性及工藝研究初探

高玉佩，朱澄澄，馬煜明，何柳，王君雅，陳杰，黃進(jìn)，余志*

（1.華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)園藝林學(xué)學(xué)院茶學(xué)系，湖北武漢 430070；2.十堰市農(nóng)科院果茶研究所，湖北十堰 442714）

高γ-氨基丁酸含量白茶的茶樹品種適制性及工藝研究初探

高玉佩1，朱澄澄1，馬煜明1，何柳1，王君雅1，陳杰1，黃進(jìn)2，余志1*

（1.華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)園藝林學(xué)學(xué)院茶學(xué)系，湖北武漢 430070；2.十堰市農(nóng)科院果茶研究所，湖北十堰 442714）

為探究γ-氨基丁酸白茶的茶樹適制品種，試驗(yàn)采用OPA柱前衍生HPLC法首先測(cè)定不同加工工藝處理的福鼎大白茶制成的白茶中γ-氨基丁酸含量，結(jié)合白茶品質(zhì)進(jìn)行感官評(píng)審，發(fā)現(xiàn)在充氮處理，無光照的條件下萎凋35 h的加工工藝條件效果較優(yōu)。后選擇14種應(yīng)用較廣的茶樹品種為原材料，于室溫23℃無光條件下充氮、萎凋處理35 h，在80℃下進(jìn)行烘干制成白茶，測(cè)定γ-氨基丁酸含量，并對(duì)處理后的白茶進(jìn)行感官審評(píng)。結(jié)果表明，除福鼎大白外，福建品種福云6號(hào)及福安大白、四川品種名選131，貴州品種黔湄101均具有較好的開發(fā)高含量GABA白茶產(chǎn)品的潛力。

白茶；γ-氨基丁酸；工藝；適制性；品種

Abstract:To explore the suitable tea cultivars of gamma aminobutyric acid white tea，this experiment adopted high-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） method which involves precolumn derivatization with ophthaladehyde（OPA）to determine the different level of GABA content in white tea made from Fudingdabai of different processing technologies.In addition，sensory evaluation of the tea was made.The results showed that the effect of withering 35 h under the treatment of nitrogen and no illumination was better.14 widely used tea cultivars were selected as materials，their leaves were processed to white tea，which were withering 35 h at room temperature of 23℃ under nitrogen and dark condition and drying at 80℃.The content of GABA and sensory evaluation were measured after processing.In conclusion，except the Fudingdabai， some other tea cultivars had the potential to process white tea with high content of GABA，such as Fuyun 6 and Fuandabai from Fujian Province，Mingxuan 131 from Sichuan Province，Qianmei 101 from Guizhou Province.

Keywords:White tea； γ-aminobutyric acid； Process；Suited-processing； Cultivar

γ-氨基丁酸（gamma-aminobutyric acid，GABA）是中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的一種抑制性傳遞物質(zhì)，是腦組織中最重要的神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)之一。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)GABA是神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)發(fā)育過程中的一種神經(jīng)營(yíng)養(yǎng)因子[1]，有改善神經(jīng)機(jī)能，鎮(zhèn)靜神經(jīng)和抵抗焦慮等功能活性[2-4]。楊藻宸等人指出GABA能結(jié)合并激活抗焦慮的腦受體，通過與其他物質(zhì)的協(xié)同作用阻止導(dǎo)致情緒焦慮相關(guān)的信息到達(dá)大腦指示中樞，從而起到鎮(zhèn)定神經(jīng)和抗焦慮的作用[5]。……