詹遠京 胡中偉 郭家偉 歐志濤 黃春明 鄭會聰 游樂卿


【摘要】 目的:觀察探討C35在肝癌中的表達與靶向干預,為臨床治療提供依據。方法:設計兩對C35編碼區的siRNA并合成,構建到轉錄載體pTZU6+1上,形成重組質粒siRNA-C35,在脂質體介導下轉染肝癌細胞株,RT-PCR分析RNA干擾后mRNA的變化,Western blot檢測表達蛋白的變化。結果:擴增的目的基因條帶亮度存在明顯差異,與對照組相比,轉染質粒pTZU6+1相對表達率為95.3%、siRNA1組相對表達率為40.0%,siRNA2組的相對表達率為28.4%。構建的重組質粒對C35mRNA的表達有抑制作用。只轉染脂質體組和pTZU6+1的C35蛋白雜交帶強于siRNA1和siRNA2,證實重組質??梢砸种艭35基因的表達,以對照組的蛋白帶為標準,其圖像分析可知,轉染質粒pTZU6+1相對表達率為94.9%、siRNA1組相對表達率為29.6%,siRNA2組的相對表達率為32.2%。結論:通過設計C35基因敲除的siRNA可有效抑制C35基因的表達,肝癌細胞生長速度及侵襲性均發生改變,但C35基因在肝癌細胞株中及肝癌組織中低表達,不可作為肝癌的靶點干預基因。
【關鍵詞】 C35; 肝癌; 表達; 靶向干預
Study of C35 Expression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Targeted Intervention/ZHAN Yuan-jing,HU Zhong-wei,GUO Jia-wei,et al.//Medical Innovation of China,2017,14(16):025-028
【Abstract】 Objective:To investigate the expression of C35 in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),and provide the basis for clinical treatment.Method:Designed and compounded two groups C35 coding rigion siRNA,transcription vector pTZU6+1 to construct recombinant plasmid siRNA-C35,liposome mediated transfection for hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines,the change of mRNA protein expression after RNA interference by RT-PCR,the change of protein detected by Western blot.Result:There was significant difference in the brightness of the target gene.Compared with control group,the relative expression rates of the transfected plasmid pTZU6+1,siRNA1 and siRNA2 were respectively 95.3%,40.0% and 28.4% respectively.The constructed recombinant plasmid could inhibit the expression of C35mRNA.The transfection of C35 protein only with liposome and pTZU6+1 were stronger than that of siRNA1 and siRNA2,which further confirmed that the recombinant plasmid had inhibitory effect on C35 expression.By the standard of the the control groups protein band,the analysis of the image system showed the protein expression of the transfected plasmid pTZU6+1,siRNA1 and siRNA2 group were respectively 94.9%,29.6% and 32.2% respectively.Conclusion:Through the design of the C35 knockout siRNA can effectively inhibit the expression of C35 gene,growth and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells are changed,but C35 gene in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines and liver tissue has low expression,which can not as a target for hepatocellular carcinoma gene intervention.
【Key words】 C35; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Expression; Targeted intervention
First-authors address:The Eighth Peoples Hospital of Guangzhou,Guangzhou 510000,China
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2017.16.007
原發性肝癌是我國常見惡性腫瘤,傳統化療療效差,有效率不到20%,分子靶向治療是治療肝癌的最新熱點方向。多種靶向藥物如血管生成抑制因子,EGFR,mTOR,IGFs等處于臨床開發的不同階段,而針對Raf及VEGFR2的多靶點藥物索拉菲尼已被FDA批準用于臨床治療肝癌,但目前肝癌治療的靶向藥物研究遭到瓶頸,單一靶點藥物的效果難以達到人們預期,而多靶點藥物的效果又具有較大的副作用,且難以改善遠期療效。造成這一瓶頸的原因可能是當前研究多集中選用了常見靶點作為研究方向,而常見靶點以外更為理想的新靶點則被忽略[1-2]。研究發現,C35基因在腫瘤浸潤,轉移過程中發揮著重要的作用,通過設計siRNA經脂質體轉染后,可使其侵襲能力下降,C35基因有望成為多種腫瘤治療的理想基因[3-5]。本文設計針對C35編碼區的siRNA并合成,構建到轉錄載體pTZU6+1上,形成重組質粒siRNA-C35,在脂質體介導下轉染肝癌細胞株,觀察探討c35在肝癌中的表達與靶向干預研究,為臨床治療提供依據。
1 材料與方法
1.1 質粒和菌株質粒 質粒采用pTZU6+1和Escherichia coliDH5a,肝癌細胞株采用SM-7721肝癌細胞株。
1.2 主要試劑 限制性內切酶Sal?、Hind?、EcoR?、Xba?、T4DNA連接酶及膠回收試劑盒為Takara公司產品;核酸及蛋白Marker為Ferments公司產品;TaqDNA聚合酶、MulV Reverse Transcriptase為上海生工產品;質粒提取試劑盒為QIAGEN公司產品。
1.3 研究方法 根據siRNA的設計原則和C35的編碼基因設計2對siRNA[5],位于編碼基因259~278:sense鏈:5c-TCTGAAGATCT-CATTGAGGCCATCTTCGGATGGCCTCAATGA-GATCTTTTT-3c;antisense鏈:5c-CTAGAAAAAA-GATCTCATTGAGGCCATCCGAAGATGGCCTC-AATGAGATCTC-3c;位于編碼基因282~300:sense鏈:5c-TCGAGGAGCCAGTAATGGAGAAACT-TCGGTTTCTCCATTACTGGCTCTTTTT-3c;antisense鏈:5c-CTAGAAAAAGAGCCAGTAATGGAGA-AACCGAAGTTTCTCCATTACTGGCTCC-3c。兩條DNA鏈在等濃度的NaCl緩沖液中95 ℃、5 min,緩慢退火至室溫以形成雙鏈DNA。用DNA純化試劑盒純化形成的雙鏈DNA,與限制性內切酶酶切后的載體pTZU6+1連接,轉化DH5A,Amp抗性篩選。挑取陽性克隆,EcoR和Hindó雙酶切,1%瓊脂糖凝膠電泳鑒定。SM-7721肝癌細胞株用含10%胎牛血清和青、鏈霉素各100 U/mL的DMEM培養基37 ℃常規培養和傳代。細胞轉染后,收集轉染48 h的細胞,PBS洗滌2次以β-actin的條帶亮度定為100,計算出相對表達率,確定C35基因mRNA分別被siRNA抑制的程度。PBS洗滌收集轉染72 h之后的細胞,利用Western blot檢測C35蛋白的表達情況。用ECL化學發光檢測,發光成像系統取像。
2 結果
2.1 肝癌細胞株中C35的表達 實時定量PCR檢測C35基因在肝癌細胞株和正常肝細胞株中mRNA表達水平,正常肝細胞株中未檢出C35基因,肝癌細胞株中C35呈低表達。
2.2 半定量檢測C35mRNA的變化 擴增的目的基因條帶亮度存在明顯差異,轉染質粒pTZU6+1相對表達率為95.3%,siRNA1組相對表達率為40.0%,siRNA2組的相對表達率為28.4%。構建的重組質粒對C35mRNA的表達有抑制作用,見圖1。
2.3 Western blot檢測C35蛋白的表達 對比4個組中C35基因蛋白質的表達,可見脂質體轉染組的蛋白雜交帶強,轉染質粒pTZU6+1 Western blot檢測后C35蛋白雜交帶與脂質體組相比不相上下,但siRNA1和siRNA2組的蛋白雜交帶僅可見窄帶,明顯弱于前兩組,進一步證實構建的重組質粒對C35有抑制作用,見圖2。
2.4 各組C35蛋白的表達比較 以對照組的蛋白帶作為標準,分析圖像可知,轉染質粒pTZU6+1相對表達率為94.9%,siRNA1組相對表達率為29.6%,siRNA2組的相對表達率為32.2%,見圖3。
3 討論
C35是新近發現的基因,研究初步證明C35是優于Her-2的新型乳腺癌標志性基因,且C35基因在消化道腫瘤中廣泛存在,在口腔癌,胃癌,結腸癌的腫瘤發生浸潤轉移中起到至關重要的作用,有望成為多種腫瘤疾病的基因治療靶向基因。肝癌目前多采用放化療聯合治療,理想的基因靶向藥物缺乏,是目前亟待解決和研究的重點[6-8]。Evans等[2]研究表明通過扣除雜交技術發現的新基因C35,比既往發現的靶點基因更常見,范圍更廣,且在正常細胞中基本不表達,被視為新型的標志性基因[9]。還有報道發現,C35在腫瘤發生,浸潤,轉移過程中發揮重要作用,基于C35設計出的siRNA,經脂質體轉染后至前列腺癌及胃癌,可使其侵襲轉移能力下降,而C35基因在肝癌組織中表達較高,故有望成為肝癌理想的基因治療靶基因[10-14]。C35基因在健康成人的機體處于靜止或非激活狀態下,當受到致癌因素影響,其表達被激活,從而有腫瘤轉化活性,對惡性腫瘤的生長侵襲有促進作用[15-18]。本文通過RNA干擾技術,構建到轉錄載體pTZU6+1上,形成重組質粒siRNA-C35,在脂質體介導下轉染肝癌細胞株,抑制C35的表達來探究C35在肝癌靶向藥物研發中的作用。
本文結果顯示,擴增的目的基因條帶亮度存在明顯差異,與對照組相比,轉染質粒pTZU6+1相對表達率為95.3%,siRNA1組相對表達率為40.0%,siRNA2組的相對表達率為28.4%。構建的重組質粒對C35mRNA的表達有抑制作用。只轉染脂質體組和pTZU6+1的C35蛋白雜交帶強于siRNA1和siRNA2,證實重組質??梢砸种艭35基因的表達,以對照組的蛋白帶作為標準,其圖像分析可知,轉染質粒pTZU6+1相對表達率為94.9%,siRNA1組相對表達率為29.6%,siRNA2組的相對表達率為32.2%。本研究成功構建了C35基因的siRNA載體,利用脂質體轉染到肝癌細胞株中,在抑制C35基因表達,mRNA轉錄及蛋白質表達等方面均卓有成效,構建的C35基因的siRNA抑制目的基因的作用效果較強,為探討C35基因在肝癌基因靶向藥物的研究方向打下了堅實的基礎[19-20]。
綜上所述,通過設計C35基因敲除的siRNA可有效抑制C35基因的表達,肝癌細胞生長速度及侵襲性均發生改變,但C35基因在肝癌細胞株中及肝癌組織中低表達,不可作為肝癌的靶點干預基因。
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(收稿日期:2017-01-03) (本文編輯:周亞杰)