高考英語寫作常考的四種應用文文體

陳金生

筆者縱觀近五年的全國高考英語試題河南卷，英語寫作部分全部為應用文體，分別是感謝信、道歉信、申請信和通知，現分別舉例逐一介紹，希望對各位英語學習者有所幫助。

一、感謝信

假設你是李華，梁教授去年六月推薦你去悉尼大學深造，現在你已經被悉尼大學化學學院錄取，請寫封信向梁教授表示感謝。

Dear Professor Liang，

I am writing to extend my gratitude to you because with your help I am now a student of Chemistry Department of Sydney University.

Last June， when I applied to become a graduate student of Sydney University， you really gave me a lot of valuable help. You not only wrote a recommendation for me to Professor Wells who works in the Sydney University but also gave me careful and patient instructions on how to fill the application forms and write the application letters.

It is your unreserved help that enables me to obtain this splendid opportunity of further education. For the following two years I will study hard to reciprocate（回報）your sincere help and expectations with excellent grades.

Yours truly，

Zhang Ying

【分析】

感謝信三要素：1.提出感謝；2.感謝原因（別人做了什么事讓你感謝）；3.如何回報（好好學習，繼續努力等）。

【優秀句式】

I am writing to extend my gratitude to you because...

二、道歉信

假設你是李華，你承諾要參加你朋友Sarah的生日宴會，但是今天早上你的弟弟突然生病，被送往醫院，因此你給買了一個小禮物送給Sarah，表示你的歉意。

Dear Sarah，

I am terribly sorry to tell you that I am unable to attend your birthday party next Thursday evening. That is owing to（因為） the fact that （同位語從句）my younger brother suddenly fell ill and was taken to a hospital this morning. I have to go there immediately and take care of him. As told by the doctor in charge， it will take around five days for him to recover and I have asked my boss for a leave.

I really regret that I cannot go to celebrate your birthday personally and would miss the perfect chance of enjoying myself with all our old friends. I have chosen a small gift for you and will send it to you tomorrow to show my best wishes. Besides， please give my regards to our friends when you meet them at the party.

Sincerely

Li Hua

【分析】

道歉信四要素：1.開篇點題，就事道歉；2.道歉原因；3.補救方式；4.希望再次得到原諒。

【優秀句式】

I am terribly sorry to tell you...

三、申請信

假定你是李華，將于今年七月從新星外語學校畢業。你從報紙上得知B & B公司要招聘一名英文秘書，你很感興趣，要寫一封求職信。

Dear Sir/ Madam，

I learned from the newspaper that your company needs an English secretary. Im really interested in this position so I am writing to apply for it.

Im18 years old and will graduate from Xinxing Foreign Languages School this July. Im an excellent student， among the top 5 in my class of 50 students. Im good at English， especially spoken English. I often use the computer and I type very fast. In my spare time， I read a lot. Poems are my favorite. I enjoy music very much too. Being an active young person， I like sports and outdoor activities. Besides， Im easy to get along with and I like to make friends.

I hope I may be granted an interview，when I can explain my qualifications more fully. I am looking forward to your reply.

Sincerely yours

Li Hua

【分析】

申請信四要素：1.開篇提出申請；2.介紹個人學術背景、個人能力、興趣愛好、性格特點等；3.工作經驗；4.發出期待，希望回復。

【優秀句式】

1. I learned from the newspaper that your company needs/is in need of/is recruiting…

2. Im really interested in this position so I am writing to apply for it.

四、通知

假如你是校學生會主席。新年即將到來，為了幫助你校的外國留學生更好地了解中國文化，學生會將為他們舉辦一個新年晚會。請你用英語向他們發出口頭通知。

Good afternoon， everyone. May I have your attention， please？

Im the chairman of the Students Union. As the New Year is around the corner（即將到來）， we are going to hold a New Year party for you， which is intended to enable you to have a better understanding of Chinese culture. During the party， not only can you sing a Chinese song， but you will also compete with each other to see how skilled you are at using chopsticks. Whats more， youll learn at the party how to make dumplings. Sounds great. Doesnt it？ The party is scheduled in Room 101of the Teaching Building from 6：00 p.m. to 8：00 p.m. next Friday. Please make sure you wont miss it. Thank you for your attention.

【分析】

通知四要素：1.開篇點題，說明邀請參加什么活動；2.詳細介紹活動時間、地點、參加人員、活動內容；3.再次發出邀請。

【優秀句式】

1.Good afternoon， everyone. May I have your attention， please.

2.Please make sure you wont miss it.Thank you for your attention.

（作者單位：河南省葉縣高級中學）