楊秀麗 陳猛
摘要:在中國傳統金融已經滿足不了大眾對流動資金的需求,而民間融資以其操作簡單、門檻低、融資速度快,形式多種多樣的優(yōu)點滿足了中小企業(yè)及社會民眾對流動資金的需求。我國應加快立法,給予民間融資合法地位;借鑒西方先進經驗,加強地方政府和地方金融機構的合作;促使第三方投融資平臺運作不斷規(guī)范,實現信息透明化;建立相應隔離機制;加強自律;統一行業(yè)不良率計算標準。使民間融資更好地推動國家經濟發(fā)展并穩(wěn)定金融秩序。
關鍵詞:民間融資;風險;對策分析
中圖分類號:F830.39 文獻標識碼:A
文章編號:1005-913X(2016)05-0113-02
Abstract: In China, the traditional financial can not meet the public demand for liquidity yet,and private financing with its simple operation, low threshold supervision, financing speed, the form of a variety of advantages to meet the needs of small and medium enterprises and social people on the flow of funds.Our country should speed up legislation, give the folk financing the legal status ;Learning from the advanced experience of the west, strengthening the cooperation of the local people's government and local financial institutions;To promote the third party investment and financing platform to operate constantly norms, to achieve transparency of information.To establish the corresponding isolation mechanism; Strengthen self-discipline;Unifying the calculation standard of the industry bad rate ;To make private financing better promote the development of national economy and stabilize the financial order.
Key words: Private financing;Risk;Countermeasure analysis
一、民間融資的特點
(一)民間融資利率過高,受需求周期影響大,受市場利率影響小
從借款方來看,在銀行的貸款要求苛刻條件下,民間融資為中小企業(yè)提供了便利。法定民間融資利率最高不可超過銀行利率的4倍,而實際操作受時間影響,存在利率過高現象。其中“過橋”融資因周期短,利率可達到同期銀行貸款利率的4—15倍。2015年央行幾次不對稱降息,貸款基本利率下調,但民間借貸市場利率水平并沒有降低,這說明融資借貸的利率主要取決于市場需求,但受市場利率影響小。
(二)民間融資形式多樣化,新型融資模式前景廣闊
以PPP模式、互聯網P2P平臺等多種新的民間融資的方式將極大地拓寬民間融資所涉足的領域,使民間融資呈現多樣化。2014年11月財政部確定30個PPP項目,總投資規(guī)模1800億元,PPP對于單筆能力低下的民間借貸以及不能吸取存款的小額信貸公司的發(fā)展起到促進作用。……