秦廷豪 李曉梅 張軍 黃運軍



摘要:以花魔芋(Amorphophallus konjac)為材料比較不同滅菌方式對不同外植體的滅菌效果及生長的影響,不同激素濃度及組合對魔芋愈傷組織、不定芽誘導的影響,探討了固液2種培養(yǎng)方式對繼代培養(yǎng)的影響。結果表明:球莖和根狀莖均可作為較為理想的外植體;魔芋愈傷組織誘導最適激素組合為MS+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+1.0 mg/L NAA,最適不定芽誘導培養(yǎng)基為MS+2.0~2.5 mg/L 6-BA+0.5 mg/L NAA或MS+0.5 mg/L TDZ+0.1 mg/L NAA;液體培養(yǎng)更適合魔芋愈傷的繼代增殖,其不定芽平均增殖率可達4.69。
關鍵詞:花魔芋(Amorphophallus konjac);再生體系;愈傷組織;不定芽
中圖分類號:S632.3 ? ? ? ?文獻標識碼:A ? ? ? ?文章編號:0439-8114(2015)23-6054-04
DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.23.066
Establishment of Regeneration System in vitro Culture of Amorphophphallus Konjac
QIN Ting-hao1,LI Xiao-mei2,ZHANG Jun1,HUANG Yun-jun1
(1.Sichuan Province Plant Engineering Research Institute, Zizhong 641200,Sichuan,China;
2.Sichuan Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Rice and Sorghum,Deyang 618000,Sichuan,China)
Abstract:Taking Amorphophphallus konjac as material, the effects of different sterilizing methods on the regeneration capacity of different explants were compared, the influences of different hormone levels on callus and adventitious buds induction were studied, and the effects of solid culture and liquid culture on subculture were also discussed. The results showed that corm and rhizome are the optimum explants for callus induction. The optimum hormone combination for konjac callus induction is MS 1.0 mg/L 6-BA+1.0 mg/L NAA, and the optimum media for adventitious buds induction is MS+2.0~2.5 mg/L 6-BA+0.5 mg/L NAA or MS+0.5 mg/L TDZ+0.1 mg/L NAA, and liquid culture would be suitable for subculture of konjac callus, the reproduction rate of adventitious buds can be up to 4.69.
Key words: Amorphophallus konjac; regeneration system; callus; adventitious bud
魔芋(Amorphophphallus sp)是中國傳統(tǒng)栽培的重要作物,在四川、云南、貴州、湖北、廣西和臺灣等地有廣泛分布[1]。據統(tǒng)計,中國現(xiàn)有魔芋屬植物21種,可食用的有9種,其中大面積主栽培種為花魔芋(A.knojac)和白魔芋(A.albus)[2]。魔芋是迄今發(fā)現(xiàn)的植物界中惟一能大量合成葡甘聚糖(Konjac glucomannan,KGM)的高等植物。葡甘聚糖是魔芋地下球莖主要貯藏物質,為一種高分子碳水化合物,具有良好的膠溶性、凝膠性、增稠性、成膜性及與其他植物膠的復配性等優(yōu)點,因而在食品、化工和醫(yī)藥等領域具有廣泛的用途[3]。
通常利用根狀莖或小球莖對魔芋進行無性繁殖,其種芋生產存在繁殖系數(shù)極低,生長周期長,農藝性狀一致性差,變異、退化及病害積累嚴重等問題。根狀莖和小球莖當年不能形成商品芋,用于商品芋的魔芋種芋數(shù)量有限,不能滿足生產的需要,制約了魔芋種植及相關產業(yè)的發(fā)展[4]。開展魔芋組織培養(yǎng)技術的研究,形成一套適合魔芋自身特點的離體繁殖體系,是建立魔芋良種繁育體系的前期工作,也是解決目前魔芋生產中種芋問題的關鍵。……