金鈺+趙明明+周有祥+胡筱波+龔艷+石元值+胡定金



摘要:龍井茶是我國的十大名茶之一,其茶湯中含有多種有益組分。以龍井43和龍井群體茶為材料,采用高效液相色譜法研究了沖泡溫度、時間、茶水比對龍井茶中咖啡因和主要茶多酚溶出行為的影響。結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)溫度從60 ℃升至100 ℃時,群體茶中C、CAF、EGCG、ECG的浸出量分別增加了72.41%、34.26%、31.60%、44.48%,龍井43茶中EGC、C、EGCG、CAF、EC、ECG的浸出量分別提高了278.07%、57.32%、103.62%、10.87%、72.61%、17.21%;不同茶水比對龍井43茶各組分的浸出水平無顯著影響,當(dāng)茶水比為1∶150(W/V)時,龍井群體的EGC、C、CAF、ECG浸出量分別為13.48±0.13、0.57±0.03、6.45±0.08、3.44±0.08 mg/g;沖泡時間與C、EC、CAF和ECG的溶出水平均呈正相關(guān)。該結(jié)果可為分析龍井茶中咖啡因和主要茶多酚的浸出規(guī)律提供參考。
關(guān)鍵詞:龍井茶;茶多酚;沖泡;溶出行為
中圖分類號:S571.1 ? ? ? ?文獻標(biāo)識碼:A ? ? ? ?文章編號:0439-8114(2015)23-6007-05
DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.23.054
Study on Dissolution Behavior of Main Tea Polyphenolsin in Longjing Tea
JIN Yu1,ZHAO Ming-ming2,ZHOU You-xiang2,HU Xiao-bo1,GONG Yan2,SHI Yuan-zhi3,HU Ding-jin2
(1.College of Food Science, Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China; 2. Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430064, China;3. Tea Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310008,China)
Abstract:Longjing tea is one of the top ten Chinese teas,some beneficial compounds are found in teas. The dissolving profile of caffeine(CAF) and polyphenols, including catechin(C), epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG), epigallocatechin (EGC), epicatechin(EC) and epicatechin gallate(EG) in Longjing population and Longjing 43 were analyzed by HPLC-DAD at different brewing conditions, including temperature, time, tea-water ratio. The results showed that the release of C,CAF, EGCG,ECGincreasing 72.41%,34.26%,31.60% and 72.41% respectively were found in Longjing population tea at 100 ℃, compared with those at 60℃, the amount of EGC,C,EGCG,CAF,EC,ECG in Longjing 43 has increased 278.07%,57.32%,103.62%,10.87%,72.61%,17.21%,respectively. The tea-water ratio had no significant effect on Longjing 43,but when the tea-water ratio is 1∶150(W/V), the dissolving EGC,C,CAF,ECG in Longjing population tea were 13.48±0.13,0.57±0.03,6.45±0.08,3.44±0.08 mg/g respectively;and the brewing time is positively correlated with the release levels of C,EC,CAF,ECG.The results could provide a reference for analyzing the dissolving profiles of beneficial compounds in Longjing tea.
Key words:Longjing tea;tea polyphenol; brewing; dissolution behavior
龍井茶產(chǎn)于浙江省杭州市西湖區(qū)西湖鄉(xiāng),其外形扁平、挺秀、綠翠、細(xì)嫩、勻齊[1],并且以“色綠、香郁、味甘、形美”等優(yōu)良特性而享譽海內(nèi)外[2]。茶葉滋味的理化審評指標(biāo)包括茶多酚[3,4]、咖啡堿[5]、游離氨基酸[6]等,其中茶多酚中的黃烷醇類、羥基-[4]-黃烷醇類、花色苷類、黃酮類、黃酮醇類和酚酸類化合物是茶葉的主要特征化合物。在上述茶多酚中,兒茶素約占多酚類總量的60%~80%,兒茶素類化合物主要包括表沒食子兒茶素(Epigallocatechin,EGC)、兒茶素(Catechin,C)、表沒食子兒茶素沒食子酸酯(Epigallocatechin gallate,EGCG)、表兒茶素(Epicatechin,EC)、表兒茶素沒食子酸酯(Epicatechin gallate,ECG),研究表明,這些組分的搭配比例,是決定龍井茶滋味的重要物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)[7],也是體現(xiàn)龍井茶特征的重要參數(shù),周有祥等[8]通過分析龍井茶樣品中的酸水解氨基酸含量,發(fā)現(xiàn)水解氨基酸指紋圖譜能夠較好區(qū)分龍井群體和龍井43,同時也可區(qū)分龍井茶與其他茶葉。……