胡穎哲+縱偉+張康逸+董宇+趙光遠



摘要:為研究均質對鮮棗漿黏度特性的影響,以黏度為指標,研究不同溫度、不同棗漿濃度和不同均質壓力下,均質對棗漿黏度的影響。結果表明,鮮棗漿的黏度隨均質壓力的增加而降低,均質對鮮棗漿的果肉顆粒大小影響不大;相同均質壓力下,溫度對鮮棗漿黏度的影響可用η=K0exp(Ea/RT)方程來表示,濃度對鮮棗漿黏度的影響可以用方程η=K(C)A和η=Kexp(AC)來表示。
關鍵詞:鮮棗漿;均質;黏度
中圖分類號:TS201.1 ? ? ? ?文獻標識碼:A ? ? ? ?文章編號:0439-8114(2015)23-6004-03
DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.23.053
Effects of Homogenization on Viscosity Properties of Fresh Jujube Pulp
HU Ying-zhe1,2,ZONG Wei1,2,ZHANG Kang-yi3,DONG Yu1,2,ZHAO Guang-yuan1,2
(1.School of Food and Biological Engineering,Zhengzhou University of Light Industry,Zhengzhou 450002,China;2.Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Production and Safety,Henan Province,Zhengzhou 450002,China;3.Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450000,China)
Abstract: In order to study the effects of homogenization on viscosity properties of fresh jujube pulp, using viscosity as index, the effect of temperature, concentration and homogenization pressure on viscosity properties of fresh jujube pulp were studied. Results were showed as follows: viscosity of pulp was decreased with homogenization pressure increased. Homogenization pressure has little influence on grain size. The influence of temperature on viscosity properties of fresh jujube pulp can be express as η=K0exp(Ea/RT) equation and the influence of concentration on viscosity properties of fresh jujube pulp can be express as η=K(C)A equation and η=K exp(AC) equation. All these indicate that homogenization pressure condition has important role on viscosity properties of fresh jujube pulp.
Key words: fresh jujube pulp; homogenization; viscosity
冬棗又名凍棗、蘋果棗、冰糖棗,屬于鼠李科棗屬,是棗的晚熟鮮食優良品系,是中國獨有的珍稀果品,其口感酥脆,營養豐富[1]。冬棗中含有19種氨基酸、礦物質及維生素,尤其是維生素C的含量每100 g果肉中含有300~400 mg[2,3],此外,還含有環磷酸腺苷[4]、黃酮[5]、皂甙[6]等功能成分。但冬棗難以長期保藏,容易腐敗變質。因此,將鮮棗進行加工,對冬棗的開發利用具有重要意義。
將冬棗加工為棗漿是冬棗利用的有效方法,在棗漿的加工過程中,均質是關鍵的加工工序,均質對棗漿的黏度及其穩定性有重要影響。因此,研究均質對棗漿黏度特性的影響,對棗漿產品的開發具有重要意義。
曾曉鷹[7]研究了均質壓力對番茄漿料黏度的影響,發現番茄漿料為假塑體系,其黏度隨均質壓力的增加而增加,均質處理會影響番茄漿顆粒的大小和分布,影響番茄漿顆粒中纖維物質聚集所形成的網狀結構;涂宗財等[8]研究了溫度、濃度和均質壓力對帶肉胡蘿卜汁流變特性的影響,發現均質后汁液的表觀黏度隨果肉濃度的增大而增大,隨溫度的升高而減小,隨均質壓力的增大先增大后減小。……