張偉 董發勤



摘要:采用靜態吸附法研究電氣石對水溶液中Sr2+的吸附行為,考察溶液初始pH、電氣石投加量、吸附時間和Sr2+初始濃度對吸附的影響,并分析吸附過程中反應動力學和等溫吸附規律。結果表明,電氣石能夠有效去除水體中的Sr2+,最大吸附容量為2.87 mg/g。電氣石粉體對Sr2+的吸附平衡時間為40 min、吸附劑投加量增大、溶液pH 8.5時有利于Sr2+的去除;電氣石對Sr2+的吸附動力學行為可用準二級動力學模型來描述,吸附過程存在化學作用且步驟可控;吸附過程符合Langmuir等溫吸附模型。電氣石對Sr2+的吸附既存在物理吸附,又存在化學吸附。
關鍵詞:電氣石;Sr2+;吸附;動力學模型;等溫吸附模型
中圖分類號:S181.3 ? ? ? ?文獻標識碼:A ? ? ? ?文章編號:0439-8114(2015)23-6018-05
DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.23.057
Characteristics of Sr2+ Adsorption by Tourmaline
ZHANG Weia, DONG Fa-qinb
(Southwest University of Science and Technology, a.Analytical and Testing Center;
b. Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and the Resource Recycle (Ministry of Education), Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, China)
Abstract: The adsorption characteristics of Sr2+ on tourmaline were investigated by conducting a series of batch adsorption experiments in the study. The influence of solution pH,adsorbent dosage,initial Sr2+ concentration and contact time were investigated,kinetics and adsorption isotherm law were analyzed. The results showed that Sr2+ removal rate increased with the increase of adsorbent dosage,and the highest adsorption reached at pH 8.5 and contact time was 40 min. The adsorption process fits pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm equation,and the maximum adsorption capacity for Sr2+ was 2.87 mg/g. Speculation for the behavior of Sr2+ adsorption by tourmaline was both physical adsorption and chemical adsorption.
Key words:tourmaline;Sr2+;adsorption;kinetics model;isotherm equation
核技術開發利用給人類帶來巨大經濟效益和社會效益的同時,也產生了放射性廢棄物。由其造成的全球性沉降污染中危害最大的核素是鍶,它能通過空氣和食物對人體產生內照射(β射線)、半衰期較長(90Sr的半衰期是28年),且產生量非常大。據不完全統計,1970年以前全世界大氣層核試驗進入平流層的鍶達1550萬居里,其中1500萬居里已沉降到地面并隨雨水進入土壤[1]。因此,必須妥善處理放射性廢棄物。
針對被放射性核素污染水體的處理方面,國內外主要采用化學沉淀法、離子交換法、膜分離法、蒸發和電化學處理等[2-6]。但這些方法在處理中存在能耗及成本高、工藝復雜、易造成二次污染等問題,吸附法便成為非常有效的方法。
電氣石(Tourmaline)是一種良好的生態智能和功能材料。……