輻照對中華絨螯蟹過敏蛋白生化特性的影響

廖濤+楊鍇+耿勝榮+熊光權(quán)+陳玉霞+李新+鉏曉艷+白嬋+程薇

摘要：為研究輻照脫除中華絨螯蟹過敏性的效果，對中華絨螯蟹的過敏原粗提液輻照0～45 kGy后進(jìn)行SDS-PAGE、熒光光譜、紫外光譜分析和免疫印跡鑒定，研究輻照對過敏蛋白濃度、濁度、疏水性、免疫原性的影響。結(jié)果表明，與未輻照的中華絨螯蟹過敏原相比，輻照后蛋白濃度降低，濁度增高，從3 kGy時(shí)濁度的變化與蛋白濃度變化呈正相關(guān)，隨蛋白濃度增高或降低，濁度也逐漸增加或減少。從低劑量到高劑量輻照時(shí)，疏水性逐漸增強(qiáng)，到20 kGy時(shí)疏水性達(dá)到最大值，然后隨著輻照劑量的增加疏水性降低。低劑量輻照時(shí)過敏蛋白的濃度變化不大，到20 kGy時(shí)，過敏蛋白含量明顯降低;45 kGy時(shí)，過敏蛋白基本被完全降解。免疫印跡試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，過敏蛋白的免疫原性隨著輻照劑量的增加而降低。

關(guān)鍵詞：中華絨螯蟹;過敏原;輻照;生化特性

中圖分類號：S981.22 ? ? ? ?文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼：A ? ? ? ?文章編號：0439-8114（2015）23-5973-05

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.23.046

Effects of Irradiation on Bio-chemistry Properties of Allergen in Chinese Mitten Crab

LIAO Tao，YANG Kai，GENG Sheng-rong，XIONG Guang-quan，CHEN Yu-xia，LI Xin，

ZU Xiao-yan，BAI Chan， CHENG Wei

（ Institute of Agro-Products Processing and Nuclear-Agricultural Technology，Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hubei Engineering Research Center for Farm Products Irradiation，Wuhan 430064，China）

Abstract： The effects of irradiation reducing allergenicity of Chinese Mitten Crab （Eriocheir Sinensis） were studied by SDS-PAGE， Fluorescence Spectrum， Ultraviolet Spectrum technology and Western-Blotting were used to analyze the change of allergy protein concentration， turbidity， surface hydrophobicity and immunogenicity after irradiated among 0～45 kGy dosage. The results showed that protein concentrations decreased compared with the unirradiated Chinese mitten crab allergen， turbidity changes were positively related to protein concentrations， and turbidity also gradually increased or decreased when the protein concentrations increased or decreased. From low dose to high dose irradiation， the surface hydrophobicity gradually increased and reached the maximum value at 20 kGy， however surface hydrophobicity reduced from 20～ 45 kGy. The electrophoretogram of SDS-PAGE showed that allergic protein concentration had a slight change at low dose irradiation， siginificantly decreased at 20 kGy， and the allergic protein was completely degraded when the dose reached 45 kGy. The results of Western-Blotting indicated that allergic protein immunogenicity reduced with the increase of irradiation dose.

Key words：Chinese mitten crab; allergen; irradiation; bio-chemistry properties

食物過敏，也稱為食物變態(tài)反應(yīng)、消化系統(tǒng)變態(tài)反應(yīng)、過敏性胃腸炎等，是由于進(jìn)食某種食物后造成的不良反應(yīng)，有嘔吐、腹瀉及皮膚起皰等癥狀，嚴(yán)重的食物過敏能引起窒息、急性哮喘、過敏性休克甚至死亡。在聯(lián)合國糧農(nóng)組織提出的八大類易過敏食物中，蝦蟹等甲殼類水產(chǎn)品是最重要的一類[1-3]。中華絨螯蟹又稱河蟹、毛蟹、清水蟹、大閘蟹或螃蟹，味道鮮美，營養(yǎng)豐富，是一種經(jīng)濟(jì)蟹類，是中國傳統(tǒng)的名貴水產(chǎn)品之一。隨著消費(fèi)人群的擴(kuò)大，隨之而來的蟹類過敏報(bào)道屢見不鮮[4-7]?！?br>