何秀娟+徐育海+邱文明



摘要:采用菌絲生長速率法檢測來自湖北羅田板栗產(chǎn)區(qū)14株栗疫病菌對苯醚甲環(huán)唑和氟硅唑的敏感性。結(jié)果表明,苯醚甲環(huán)唑?qū)?4株栗疫病菌株的EC50范圍為0.027 9~0.124 0 μg/mL,平均為0.064 5 μg/mL;氟硅唑?qū)ι鲜鼍甑腅C50為0.024 6~0.218 6 μg/mL,平均為0.072 5 μg/mL。對不同敏感性菌株的適生性進行檢測。結(jié)果表明,抗藥性較強的菌株菌絲生長速率和致病力顯著高于敏感菌株;抗性菌株傳代培養(yǎng)10代后的EC50沒有顯著性變化,其抗藥性狀可以穩(wěn)定遺傳。
關(guān)鍵詞:栗疫病;抗藥性;苯醚甲環(huán)唑;氟硅唑
中圖分類號:S432 ? ? ? ?文獻標識碼:A ? ? ? ?文章編號:0439-8114(2015)23-5915-03
DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.23.030
The Sensitivity of Chestnut Blight to Difenoconazole and Flusilazole
HE Xiu-juan, XU Yu-hai, QIU Wen-ming
(Institute of Fruit and Tea, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan 430064, China)
Abstract:The sensitivities of chestnut blight to difenoconazole and flusilazole fungicides were determined in 14 isolates collected from Luotian in Hubei Province by measuring the mycelial growth on PSA media. The results showed that the 50% effective concentration values(EC50) of difenoconazole ranged from 0.027 9 to 0.124 0 μg/mL,with a mean of 0.064 5 μg/mL.And the EC50 values of flusilazole ranged from 0.024 6 to 0.218 6 μg/mL,with a mean of 0.072 5 μg/mL.The fitness test of different sensitive isolates showed that the mycelial growth rate of resistant isolates was faster and the pathogenicity was higher than sensitive isolate significantly. After being subcultured for ten generations,EC50 of the resistant isoltes remained at the same level,the resistance of the isolates may be stable.
Key words: chestnut blight; fungicide resistance; difenoconazole; flusilazole
栗疫病又稱栗胴枯病、栗干枯病,該病引起板栗樹皮腐爛、枯枝或全樹枯死,甚至大片栗樹死亡,是著名的森林病害,廣泛發(fā)生于亞洲、歐洲和北美洲。栗疫病在中國分布十分廣泛[1],生產(chǎn)上板栗的病蟲害管理環(huán)節(jié)較為薄弱,因栗疫病嚴重發(fā)生而造成的毀園現(xiàn)象時有發(fā)生,并呈上升趨勢,栗疫病的防治是栗樹栽培中亟待解決的問題。
國家開展了栗疫病的防治研究,在栗疫病抗病育種[2]、弱病毒菌株生物防治[3]等研究方向均取得了一定的進展。中國位于栗疫病菌的起源中心[4],栗疫病菌資源遺傳背景和營養(yǎng)體多樣性復(fù)雜[5],上述防治方式在實際生產(chǎn)中的應(yīng)用還存著一定的困難[6,7]。栗疫病病原菌是寄生隱叢赤殼菌[Cryphonectria parasitica (Murr.) Barr],屬子囊菌亞門。栗疫病防治難度大,一旦發(fā)生很難根除。苯醚甲環(huán)唑和氟硅唑是三唑類殺菌劑,具內(nèi)吸性,其作用機理為影響甾醇類生物合成,使菌體細胞膜功能受到破壞,由于廣譜高效的抗菌活性和中等的抗藥性風(fēng)險,被廣泛用于農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中植物真菌病害的防治[8,9]。……